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Islamic Prayer Basics

Sep 29, 2025

Overview

This guide provides a basic introduction on how to perform the Islamic prayer (salah), including ablution steps, prayer times, movements, and key details for beginners.

Steps of Ablution (Wudu)

  • Begin with the intention to purify for prayer and say "Bismillah" (In the name of Allah).
  • Wash both hands three times, starting with the right.
  • Rinse the mouth three times.
  • Clean the nose by sniffing water with the right hand and blowing out with the left.
  • Wash the entire face thoroughly.
  • Run fingers through the beard after washing the face.
  • Wash forearms up to and above the elbows, right first then left.
  • Wipe over the head.
  • Clean ears inside and behind using index fingers.
  • Wash feet up to the ankles, starting with the right, cleaning between toes.

Fundamentals of Islamic Prayer (Salah)

  • Prayer (salah) is the second pillar of Islam, following the testimony of faith (shahada).
  • Five daily prayers are required at specific times each day, each with designated units (rakats).
  • Prayer enables a direct connection with the Creator and is made simple to perform anywhere.
  • It is encouraged to pray in congregation at the mosque, but permissible anywhere clean if needed.
  • There should be no excuse to miss the prayer due to daily circumstances (work, travel, exercise, etc.).

Basic Movements and Postures

  • Begin prayer by raising hands to the sides; place right hand over left wrist.
  • Eyesight should be focused on the prostration spot.
  • Bow (ruku) by placing hands on knees and keeping the back straight.
  • Stand up straight before moving to prostration (sujood).
  • In prostration, have forehead, nose, beard touching the ground, elbows out.
  • Each prayer unit contains two prostrations; sit briefly between them.
  • Difficulty with movement (e.g., due to injury) is accommodated.
  • Exit the prayer by turning the head to the right and left with salams.

Essentials for Completing Prayer

  • Learn and recite the specific phrases and supplications for each posture.
  • Use the raising of one finger during certain recitations to signify the oneness of God.
  • Practice with guidance; this video does not replace learning from a qualified teacher.

Recommendations / Advice

  • Strive to pray on time, regardless of situation or location.
  • Take the basics from this guide, but seek further instruction for details and proper pronunciation from a knowledgeable teacher.