Overview
This lesson explores Manifest Destiny, the 19th-century belief that the United States was destined to expand across North America, and its social, political, and territorial impacts.
Definition and Origins of Manifest Destiny
- Manifest Destiny was the belief that the U.S. had a God-given right to expand westward across the continent.
- The term was first used in the 1840s during westward expansion debates.
- This ideology was used to justify acquiring new territories.
Political and Social Impacts
- Manifest Destiny influenced U.S. policies, including the annexation of Texas and the Oregon Trail migration.
- The belief contributed to the Mexican-American War, resulting in the U.S. acquiring California and the Southwest.
- Native American tribes were forcibly removed or faced violence during expansion.
Arguments for and Against Expansion
- Supporters claimed expansion spread democracy and civilization.
- Opponents argued it led to war, displacement, and violated Native and Mexican rights.
Key Events Linked to Manifest Destiny
- The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the U.S. in 1803.
- The Texas annexation added vast land in 1845.
- The Gold Rush of 1849 encouraged mass migration to California.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Manifest Destiny — the belief that U.S. expansion across North America was justified and inevitable.
- Annexation — the act of adding territory to a country.
- Mexican-American War — 1846–1848 conflict between the U.S. and Mexico, eventually leading to U.S. control of the Southwest.
- Oregon Trail — a major route used by settlers moving westward.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review textbook sections on Manifest Destiny, the Mexican-American War, and westward expansion.
- Complete assigned questions on the impact of Manifest Destiny on different groups.