Notes on Writing an Abstract for Research Papers

Importance of Abstracts

• Abstracts are often the last part written but are the first thing read by people.
• Essential for determining the relevance of a research paper.

Word Limit for Abstracts

• Most journals require an abstract to be around 150 words.
• Some journals may prefer:
  • 100 words (very concise)
  • 200 to 250 words (for longer abstracts)

Structure of an Abstract

1. First Sentence: Research Objective

   • Clearly describes what the study investigates.
   • Examples:
     • "This article examined how company restaurants' servicecape influenced patrons' emotional states and behavioral intentions."
     • "This study investigated what hotel employees preferred as team-building activities."

2. Second Sentence: Research Method

   • Summarizes the methodological approach in one or two sentences.
   • Example: "Data were collected from 149 guests in The Hague."
   • For complex methods, may require two longer sentences.

3. Key Findings and Conclusions:

   • Typically two to three sentences summarizing main findings.
   • Example summaries:
     • "Using the data, we found that guests' perceptions influenced their emotional states."
     • "Results showed that stress was positively related to hard upward influence tactics."

4. Closing Statement:

   • General statements on theoretical and practical implications.
   • Example: "Theoretical and practical implications were discussed."

Variations in Abstract Formats

• Some journals may require subheadings in abstracts:
  • Purpose: Key research objective.
  • Design/Methodology: Summarize research methodology.
  • Findings: Present key results.
  • Originality/Value: Discuss the value of findings and implications.

Final Thoughts

• The abstract serves as a concise summary of the study.
• It should be well-written and clear for quick understanding.
• Important for relevance in academic databases and grading.

Reminder

• Write abstracts carefully, as they play a significant role in the visibility and reception of research publications.