FBI Investigation into 9/11 Attacks

Feb 28, 2025

9/11 Investigation - FBI

Overview

  • Date of Attacks: September 11, 2001
  • Casualties: Nearly 3,000 people died, and thousands more were injured.
  • Impact: Led to significant changes in global anti-terrorism strategies.

FBI Investigation: PENTTBOM

  • Codename: PENTTBOM (Pennsylvania, Pentagon, and Twin Towers Bombing)
  • Scale: Largest FBI case ever with over half of FBI agents involved.
  • Objective: Identify hijackers and sponsors, prevent future attacks.
  • Leads: Over 500,000 investigative leads, including public tips.
  • Crime Scene: Largest in FBI history.

Timeline of Events

  • 8:46 a.m.: American Airlines Flight 11 crashed into the North Tower of the World Trade Center.
  • Hijacked Planes:
    • Three planes crashed into significant buildings: the World Trade Center and the Pentagon.
    • The fourth plane crashed in rural Pennsylvania.
  • Casualties: 2,976 people killed.
  • Health Effects: First responders face ongoing health issues from site conditions.

FBI's Immediate Response

  • Strategic Information and Operations Center: Activated within minutes.
  • Command Posts: Established for each crash site by the end of September 11.
  • Witness and Clue Tracking: Conducted globally with international partners.
  • Identification of 19 Terrorists: Achieved within hours.

Notable FBI Roles and Contributions

  • Command Center: Out of FBI Headquarters, managed by Director Robert S. Mueller, III.
  • Core Investigative Team: Operated from a basement office.
  • Collaborations: Involved extensive coordination with law enforcement and intelligence communities.
  • Continuing Impact: Changed FBI's operational procedures and cooperative strategies.

By the Numbers

  • Personnel and Resources:
    • Over 4,000 special agents and 3,000 professional employees.
    • Involvement of all FBI divisions and field offices.
  • Efforts:
    • Conducted over 167,000 interviews.
    • Collected over 150,000 pieces of evidence.
    • Processed over 126,600 fingerprint comparisons.
    • FBI Laboratory: Assisted with DNA identifications.
    • Specialized Teams: SWAT, Hostage Rescue, and technical experts involved.

The Terrorists

  • Number: 19 hijackers trained by al Qaeda.
  • Background:
    • Pilots from an al Qaeda cell in Hamburg, Germany.
    • Hijackers from Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, and Lebanon.
  • Entry to U.S.: Began entering in January 2000. All present by July 2001.

The Victims

  • Total: Nearly 3,000 victims.
  • Demographics: Ranged from a 2-year-old to an 85-year-old.
  • Notable Losses: 658 employees from a financial firm, 75 from the U.S. Army, over 400 first responders.
  • FBI Losses: Two agents, Lenny Hatton and John O'Neill.

Legacy and Training

  • FBI Director's Mandate: New agents and analysts must visit the National September 11 Memorial & Museum.
  • Purpose: To understand the stakes of their work and remember those who responded to 9/11.

Additional Reference Materials

  • Comprehensive details on operations and continued impact found in various FBI publications and reports.

Conclusion

  • The 9/11 attacks significantly shaped the FBI’s mission and operational dynamics, highlighting the importance of collaboration and preparedness in counter-terrorism efforts.