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Function Notation Overview

Aug 26, 2025

Overview

This lecture introduces function notation, how to interpret it, and how to convert between ordered pairs, tables, and graphs using this notation.

Function Notation Basics

  • A function relates each input to exactly one output, which is written as f(input) = output.
  • Function notation uses f(x), where f is the function name, x is the input, and f(x) is the output.
  • You can use function names other than f, such as V or B, depending on the context.

Interpreting Function Notation

  • In f(x) = y, x is the input and y is the output; f names the function.
  • Example: V(m) = value of an investment (in thousands) after m months.

Examples and Conversions

  • V(36) = 17.4 means after 36 months, the investment is worth $17,400 (since 17.4 is in thousands).
  • Ordered pair (a, b) corresponds to function notation f(a) = b.
  • Example: (-4, 6) is written as f(-4) = 6; f(5) = -1 is written as (5, -1).

Using Tables with Function Notation

  • Inputs are listed in the first row (or column), outputs in the second.
  • To find B(12), locate 12 in the input row; its output is 50, so B(12) = 50.
  • If B(t) = 18, find t where the output is 18 in the table; here, t = 31.

Using Graphs with Function Notation

  • Inputs (x-values) are on the horizontal axis, outputs (f(x)-values) are on the vertical axis.
  • To find G(2), locate x = 2; if the corresponding y-value is 3, then G(2) = 3.
  • To find input given an output, locate the output on the vertical axis, then find the corresponding input.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Function — A rule that assigns each input exactly one output.
  • Function Notation — A way to write functions using f(x) to denote output for input x.
  • Input — The independent variable, often x, put into the function.
  • Output — The dependent variable, result of the function, f(x).
  • Ordered Pair — (a, b) where a is the input and b is the output.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Practice writing ordered pairs in function notation and vice versa.
  • Complete homework problems converting between tables, graphs, and function notation.