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How is Fournier's Gangrene treated?
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Treatment involves broad-spectrum antibiotics, surgical debridement to remove dead tissue, and supportive care to stabilize the patient.
Explain the cremasteric reflex test and its significance in diagnosing testicular torsion.
The cremasteric reflex test involves lightly stroking the inner thigh, which normally causes the testicle to elevate. Absence of this reflex can indicate testicular torsion.
What immediate actions should be taken if testicular torsion is suspected?
Prompt surgical intervention is required, typically involving detorsion surgery and orchiopexy to prevent necrosis due to reduced blood flow.
How can Peyronie's Disease be treated?
Treatment options include medications, injections into scar tissue, traction therapy, and surgery in severe cases. It may also improve on its own over time.
What is Peyronie's Disease and what are its primary symptoms?
Peyronie's Disease is characterized by scar tissue on the dorsal side of the penis, leading to curved erections, significant pain, erectile dysfunction, difficulty with sexual intercourse, and shortening of the penis.
What types of bacteria are commonly involved in Fournier's Gangrene?
Common bacteria include E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus.
Describe the typical symptoms and examination findings of acute bacterial prostatitis.
Symptoms include pelvic and perineal pain, fever, chills, malaise, myalgia, painful urination, increased frequency and urgency, and cloudy urine. Examination reveals a firm, swollen, tender prostate.
What are the typical symptoms of testicular torsion?
Symptoms include severe pain, an elevated and transversely oriented testicle, and an absent cremasteric reflex.
Discuss potential causes of Peyronie's Disease.
Potential causes of Peyronie's Disease include trauma or injury to the penis, resulting in abnormal healing processes.
What causes referred pain in testicular trauma?
Referred pain occurs because sensory neurons from the testicles converge with those from the lower abdomen in the spinal cord, leading to pain being felt in the lower abdomen.
What are the common causes of acute bacterial prostatitis?
Common causes include urinary tract infections, chlamydia, gonorrhea, medical procedures affecting the prostate, and bladder outlet obstruction.
Describe the mechanism by which testicular torsion causes tissue necrosis.
Testicular torsion causes the spermatic cord to twist, blocking blood flow to the testicle, which can lead to necrosis if not promptly corrected.
What measures can individuals take to prevent genital injuries?
Wearing appropriate protective gear during activities with risk of impact can help prevent genital injuries.
What symptom is common in both acute bacterial prostatitis and testicular trauma?
Both acute bacterial prostatitis and testicular trauma can cause pelvic or abdominal pain.
Identify the key risk factors for developing Fournier's Gangrene.
Risk factors include diabetes, use of indwelling catheters, urethral trauma, urinary tract infections, and being immunocompromised.
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