hello and welcome to our social reform in the 1830s lecture now we've already talked about a couple of these reform movements we talked about the most effective and largest reform movement which was the temperance movement and we've talked about the abolitionist movement which was much smaller and much more controversial but today we're going to run through several of these smaller movements just to give us an idea of how much reform was going on in the 1830s both in response to the market revolution and as a result of the second great awakening so we will be looking at what impediments what barriers to perfectionism each movement tried to target so if you remember the second great awakening was a group of evangelical christians who believed that they could literally become perfect if they you know were dedicated enough to christ and that they could literally perfect society and bring on the second coming of christ so they're trying to perfect society and they're trying to perfect human beings so what impediment what barrier to perfection did that movement target we'll also look at how social reformers utopian communities and romantic authors all responded to the market revolution we should also be able to define romanticism and transcendentalism by the end of this one and to know who the major authors associated with those movements were so americans had to deal with disorienting even frightening changes caused by the market revolution and part of the response was the rise of evangelical churches to prominence during the second great awakening so if you remember back in jefferson's day the baptists were this itty bitty group and they were getting picked on by the puritans and by all these groups that were larger than them now they're going to become one of the bigger groups in the united states during the second great awakening additionally the new middle class differentiated itself from working-class peoples through religion and temperance steam presses and stereotype plates increase the speed and decrease the cost of printing which allowed these evangelical reformers to spread their message and grow pretty large reform movements between 1790 and 1830 the number of religious newspapers grew from 14 to more than 600 in the south evangelical baptist and methodist churches encouraged temperance and the cult of domesticity while discouraging dueling that's the big reform they're going after in the south dueling more radical reforms took hold in the north among believers in perfectionism finney's doctrine that redeemed christians could be free of sin perfect as god in this life now we also have to note the jacksonian context of these movements jackson wanted to open up democracy and set policies that represented the common white man as opposed to what he considered elite rule so getting rid of the bank of the united states could be seen as a reform from his viewpoint both jackson and the reform movements tried to remove impediments to individual progress now reformers tried to perfect society but this often meant just controlling other people's behavior proceed to the next part of the lecture page to see how far some americans and social movements went in responding to the dizzying changes of the market revolution and trying to control other people's behavior