Database Management Systems (DBMS) Introduction

Overview of DBMS

• Course focus on DBMS
• Transition from file system approach to DBMS
• Topics to cover in this video:
  • Basic definitions and terminologies
  • Definition and functionalities of DBMS
  • Properties of databases
  • Illustration of a simplified database system environment
  • Example: University database

Basic Definitions

1. Data

   • Raw facts or unprocessed facts
   • Examples: numbers, names, text, images, audio, video

2. Information

   • Processed data that provides meaningful context
   • Example: "The age of Suresh is 25"

3. Database

   • A collection of related data
   • Example: Data must relate to a specific context (e.g., banking system, library management system)

4. Metadata

   • Database definitions or complete descriptions of the database
   • Includes storage format, data types, and constraints on data

Definition of DBMS

• Database Management System
  • A system to manage databases
  • Functions include storing and retrieving data
  • Software or collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain databases

Functionalities of DBMS

• Define the database:
  • Specify data types, structures, and constraints
  • Example of a constraint: Age greater than 18
• Construct the database:
  • Process of storing data in a storage medium
• Manipulate the database:
  • Querying, updating, and generating reports
• Share the database:
  • Multiple users access the database concurrently
• Other functions:
  • Protection against unauthorized access and hardware/software failures
  • Long-term maintenance of the database

Properties of a Database

1. Represents aspects of the real world (mini world)
2. Logically coherent collection of related data
3. Designed and populated for a specific purpose

Illustration of Database System Environment

• Users/programmers write queries
• DBMS processes queries and accesses stored data and metadata

Example: University Database

• Tables in the University Database:
  1. Student Table
  2. Course Table
  3. Grade Report Table

Understanding Functionalities with the Example

• Defining the Database:
  • Specify data types, structures, and constraints (e.g., student name cannot be null)
• Constructing the Database:
  • Storing data to create a database
• Manipulating the Database:
  • Querying examples: List students in CS branch; grades of a particular student
• Sharing the Database:
  • Access by multiple users efficiently

Conclusion

• End of the video
• Key takeaways on the basic introduction to DBMS
• Thank you!