Overview of Computer Components and Functions

Sep 15, 2024

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Computer Components Overview

Motherboard

  • Description: A wide and flat circuit board.
  • Function: Acts as the main component where every other component is connected.
  • Importance: Facilitates communication between different parts of the computer.
  • Cost: Relatively cheap compared to other components; considered the heart of the computer.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

  • Also Known As: Processor or brain of the computer.
  • Storage: Minimal data storage but excels in using it.
  • Functions:
    • Performs complex mathematical operations.
    • Runs most programs.
    • Central hub for all computer operations.

Hard Drive

  • Purpose: Primary data storage component.
  • Characteristics:
    • Can store large amounts of data.
    • Slow data access due to spinning discs and small wire connections.
  • Note: Limited in speed, often complemented by RAM.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

  • Function: Temporary data storage with fast access speeds.
  • Use: Quickly communicates data to the CPU.
    • Example: During a video game's loading screen.
  • Connection: Long thin stick for fast access.
  • Limitation: Data is wiped when the computer is turned off.

SSD (Solid State Drive)

  • Purpose: Similar to hard drive but faster and more durable.
  • Characteristics:
    • Newer technology.
    • Used alone or with hard drives.
    • Generally more expensive.

Graphics Card

  • Function: Handles rendering of 3D worlds and display on screen.
  • Characteristics:
    • Functions as a standalone computer for graphics tasks.
    • Determines pixel display and color.
  • Note: Integrated graphics cards in CPUs are less powerful.

Power Supply

  • Function: Converts outlet electricity for computer use.
  • Requirement: Must be powerful enough for all computer components.

Case

  • Description: Plastic box housing computer components.
  • Formats: Mini tower, mid tower, full tower.
  • Consideration: Choose based on component sizes to ensure fit.

Cooling System

  • Purpose: Prevents overheating of components like CPU and graphics card.
  • Types: Air cooling and liquid cooling, each with pros and cons.

Wireless Card

  • Function: Enables Wi-Fi connectivity, allowing internet access without ethernet cables.

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