Anode Heel Effect (Part Two)

Overview

• Understanding how to utilize the Anode Heel Effect to your advantage when dealing with different anatomical thicknesses.
• The Anode Heel Effect describes the variance in beam intensity between the anode and cathode sides.
  • Cathode side has higher intensity.
• Can be influenced by:
  • Angle of the anode
  • Source to Image Distance (SID)
  • Field size
• Useful for technologists and beneficial for patients.

Utilizing the Anode Heel Effect

• Fat Cap Concept:
  • Use stronger cathode side for thicker or denser anatomical parts.

Examples:

1. Abdomen X-ray

• Upper Abdomen:
  • Typically less dense, fewer bony structures.
• Lower Abdomen:
  • More dense, includes pelvis and bony structures.
  • Place lower abdomen under the cathode side.

2. AP Thoracic Spine

• Cervical End:
  • Generally thinner.
• Lumbar/Abdomen End:
  • Thicker, especially within abdomen area.
  • Place lower thoracic/lumbar section under the cathode side.

3. Lateral Thoracic Spine

• Shoulders:
  • Greater thickness.
  • Recommended to perform a right lateral to put shoulders under cathode side.
  • Ensures better penetration of thicker area.

4. Femur

• Hip vs. Knee:
  • Hip/proximal portion often denser than knee/distal portion.
  • Place hip under cathode side.

Key Concept

• "Thicker part or fat goes under the cat (cathode)."
• Leverage increased intensity on cathode side to penetrate denser anatomy effectively.

Conclusion

• Using the Anode Heel Effect strategically improves imaging of variable thickness in anatomical areas.
• Aim to position thicker body parts under the cathode side for optimal results.