so uh today we're going to talk about the Social Development infancy stage chapter 6. and we'll start with the Harlow's monkey experiment this is where Apollo um placed infant monkeys because we can't do infant trials and tests on human infants that has to do with starvation and hunger motivated experience experiments so he plays a bunch of infant monkeys into a an area a room and the infant monkey had two options One path one side of the room there was a fake leather monkey who was made of wiry material but it had a food item in its head right so the monkey could look at it smell it and be able to lean towards that food that need that sustenance right and then the other side of the room it can choose to go to fake mother monkey who's made of terry cloth a soft teddy bearish material but it did not contain any food in its hand so the monkey would have to make a decision between basically food versus comfort and care and feeling warm right and then majority the monkeys chose the the touchy Philly the tactile care and love and comfort pack so if that study went to show that for infant monkeys it's really important to have that touchy feely tactile uh belonging even though it may be it may have started that experiment with it being kind of hungry already right so that motivational desire to be with a a warm and loving environment took precedence over even food so there's attachment and bonding attachment is the feeling and the need that a child an infant develops for his or her caregiver excuse me Mom but it could be bad it could be grandparents right or caregivers at a daycare and bonding is the reciprocal feeling that the caregiver has for the infant right the more time that you spend the more closeness that you feel you start to feel even more of a love and care and desire to protect and and then be there for the infant who needs that caregiver's attention and um giving right and then the synchrony is when both of these things are in one Unison there's an attachment from the from an infant to a caregiver bonding feeling from the caregiver to the infant and when this is going to and from and there was a list of reciprocity type of way that's uh considered synchrony now some infants will go through strange anxiety and or separation of anxiety not every infant goes through it some goes through both some goes through one or the other so usually a stranger anxiety not always okay kind of happens first so let's say you're a six month old Johnny infant right and you're totally fine being in the arms of your mom or dad or your brother or sister but when a another person comes around and tries to hold you okay you start to panic out you start to feel nervous and fear anxiety feel anxiety and fear and you start to cry out right it's kind of like help help I don't know this person even though the name suggests stranger we're not talking about some stranger that popped out of the Bush right that you've never seen we're talking about people that you are not really familiar with as an infant like the grandma the grandpa or Uncle I or mom's friend someone that you that are friendly and they want to cause you no harm but for you the infant you because you're not familiar with this person you start to feel a lot of anxiety and worry and concern and uh the crying and yelling and whatnot so that you can get rescued or be taken care of by someone that you do know already and that you feel comfortable with separation anxiety is um when an infant is separated not like forever but just when a parent goes to work when they're dropped off at a daycare and they're like whoa where's Mom where's that okay why are they leaving me again if you recall from the last chapter infants have very little sense or no sense of time frame so for you the mom or dad who's going to work you know in your head okay I'm just going to be gone for eight hours but to an infant they don't know what an hour is eight hours is day is so they're just going to go off the idea that this person the caregiver the one that gives you food and care and comfort is gone for how long forever right so they don't understand the separation status or time frame so they start to panic up again just a reminder not everyone goes through that some infants go through it within like seconds or minutes of Burst when this happens it may get scared and some infants will cry for hours or the entirety of his or her stent at the daycare because they're just so filled with nervous energy and they're fearful that this caregiver is not here and they don't seem to be coming back anytime soon right so that would be how one could look at why they have these anxious moments right um and they phase up and you in most cases separation anxiety places are they start to realize okay they keep coming back you know after Cookie Time play time reading time so they start to feel a little bit more at ease about it or if it's a stranger anxiety it has more and more you come in contact with Grandma or grandpa or uncle or Aunt then you start to feel easy about the fact that oh these people are pretty cool they're they're chill and they want to play with me and they have a positive vibe so I don't feel as threatened right just getting used to that new environment of the older person um there are three well there's four types of attachment but I want to get your attention towards three types of attachment one is secure attachment in which um you feel good around your mom or dad or caregiver so you're okay with exploring your area a little bit so if you're in a playground or whatnot you're okay walking away a pretty decent distance from your mama back and you can explore different equipments or play things at the playground maybe even kind of engage with other events at the sandbox or whatever and then you come right back to home base which is your your caregiver right so they're willing to explore a little bit but then they are good with the fact that the caregiver is nearby and they can come back and forth to exploration to safety and back and forth avoidant attachment is when kind of like uh what a stranger anxiety would look like they are except to your own caregiver right so even though your mom or dad are very giving and kind and wanting to spend that proximity with you the infant might be kind of like um I'm good right I'm just good in my space don't really bother me they may not say these words but their body language and their facial expressions will show that they would rather be kind of left alone and the anxious attachment is when you are kind of clingy and you feel very nervous when your caregiver is away from you so they so they kind of uh ride the coattail if you would and then have to be very proximal to caregiver otherwise they'll have a fit cry why Etc okay personality types um a little preview here we'll touch up on this later but there are five dimensions of Personality okay and I spelled it up o-c-e-a-n openness conscientiousness extroversion um agreeableness and racism and please do look upon that as far as infants are concerned it's not a thing you know so they don't have a personality set all developed by the time that they're two years old so it's something that will take years and years to come to fully develop into the personality setting that you or I have as an adult so as an infant they have what's called a they go by what's called temperament right and there's four types of temperaments it's kind of like a Diet Coke version of the full version of Personality sets right so it's a very rudimentary inborn instinctive kind of um mini personality types and that there isn't 100 plus worth of additives to describe uh an infant like we would for each other as an adult as a personality type so the four types of temperaments I put it in the order on the module s-i-d-e kind of like side like side order of fries right so the S stands for slow to warm up these are the infants that have a kind of like a shy personality initially they are kind of nervous about playing with new toys or hanging out with the other infants at the playground or the daycare but then once they get comfortable once they get to be engaging with these other things or people they they warm up and they're just fine and they're normal and happy go lucky right so I believe I was that way if I remember correctly from my infancy and toddler stages easy Early Childhood stages so you may look upon your own childhood and infancy and think or ask your parents like how was that okay what kind of temperament did I have as an infant And Then There It Is inconsistent inconsistent as it suggests you know some days you seem to be go happy go lucky and you're normal and you're fine and other days you're more difficult and tough to deal with right so it's kind of like you don't know what you're getting each day or even part of the day right it's important to know that we don't diagnose infants certainly not even early childhood or middle childhood with mental disorders so if this sounds like a child that is bipolar we would not diagnose nor call them bipolar it's just their temperament is inconsistent right bipolar is way too overly used misused kind of uh social terminology that's really a more complex mental disorder and then there's difficult so it doesn't mean the child is just straight up difficult but in most days most times they seem to be very fussy angry irritable easily annoyed and they're not seemingly a happy camper right again not always but in most instances in general they seem to have been having a difficult time being a happy baby or infant okay and that could be frustrating for a parent or a caregiver because you want to give your best care to the infant and you want to get the same level of happiness and positive energy from them but some infants are just innately not so easy to deal with henceforth difficult types the last one is easy going so if there's a test question that asks which one of the four temperament is the most likely it would be this one easy going and my son was super easy going as an infant and most babies are right majority of the babies are easy going as long as they're fed as long as they're burped as long as they're played with and their diapers are not wet they're gonna be you know a happy baby just cooing and eyeing and being inquisitive about different things in their lives and engaging with toys and other family members and whatnot so don't be afraid if you don't have any kids yet chances are pretty good that you're going to end up with the easy going type uh subjective self is when an infant start to realize I am an individual okay I am a human being and I am a person right because my mom my dad my brother sister are engaging with me they're calling me by a name uh They're laughing with me playing with me I exist in this family okay in this world it may not be deep and philosophical but they understand that they are a person and they're part of a small community called a famine or a little bit extended with daycare and other families and whatnot okay uh and then the objective cell is starting to realize some of the characteristics of who they are right in the latter stages of infancy they start to realize uh fully that I'm a boy or a girl or I have a blonde hair or brown hair or uh playful okay silly or I might be kind of shy or quiet so whatever your parents and your family members are telling you and reinforcing who you are you're starting to absorb those and then be able to even see yourself in the mirror or whatnot to be able to identify some of the basic characteristics or qualities of who you are and starting to realize this would be the objective self right so we'll get more into other aspects of Social Development as we reach the other stages so so thank you