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Explain the rationale for stretching the piriformis muscle beyond 90 degrees of hip flexion.
Press to flip
Beyond 90 degrees hip flexion, piriformis acts as an internal rotator; external rotation combined with flexion beyond 90 degrees effectively stretches it.
How is the extensor digitorum longus muscle stretched?
Perform plantar flexion at the toes and ankle, supination at the ankle; different actions for extensor digitorum brevis.
Which muscles are involved in hip adductors stretching?
Adductor magnus, minimus, longus, brevis, pectineus, gracilis.
Describe the stretching method for extensor hallucis longus muscle.
Plantar flexion at the big toe and ankle, pronation at the ankle while stretching the muscle away from its insertion.
How is a unilateral hip adductors stretch performed?
Stabilize ASIS with one hand and apply abducting force with the other hand; hold for 15-20 seconds and repeat 5-6 times.
How are the intrusive dorsalis and plantaris muscles stretched?
Adduct the toes and perform dorsiflexion at the MTP joint; note that stretching influences lumbrical muscles too.
What are the functions of the piriformis muscle?
Abduction, extension, external rotation of the hip.
What are the functions of the extensor hallucis longus muscle?
Dorsiflexion at the big toe and ankle, supination at the ankle.
What are the functions of the tibialis anterior muscle?
Dorsiflexion and supination of the ankle.
Describe the stretching method for piriformis muscle.
Patient lies in supine position with hips and knees flexed, then externally rotates and adducts the hip, pushing the knee towards the opposite shoulder.
How is the gastrocnemius muscle stretched?
Keep the knees extended and apply dorsiflexion.
Describe the stretching technique for the soleus muscle.
Flex the knee 20-30 degrees to deactivate gastrocnemius and apply dorsiflexion.
Explain the stretching method for tibialis anterior muscle.
Plantar flex and pronate the ankle, while applying stretching pressure opposite to the muscle's insertion.
What are the functions of the sartorius muscle?
Hip - flexion, abduction, external rotation; Knee - flexion, internal rotation.
What are the functions of the intrusive dorsalis and plantaris muscles?
Abduction of toes, plantar flexion at the MTP joint.
What are the functions of the extensor digitorum longus muscle?
Dorsiflexion at the toes and ankle, pronation at the ankle.
How is the sartorius muscle stretched?
Adduct and internally rotate the hip, then flex the knee.
What is the purpose of Faber's Test in hip adductors stretching?
Faber's Test is used to identify sacroiliac joint dysfunction through the hip adductors stretch.
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