Transcript for:
The Human Rights Commission

Hello everyone, how are you? We have come to another chapter, whose name is The Human Rights Commission Now, from here we are reading all the bodies which must have been made due to some act So, this is in our book, of course, part 8th chapter It comes in part 8th Now, Human Rights Commission Why is it necessary? We have such fundamental rights. So what is the work of human rights? Look, there are some rights, some fundamental rights that you have got because you are a human being. We are human beings. You cannot alienate those rights from us. So these are alienable rights and if someone violates those rights, then there should be a remedy for that. The remedy is judiciary, Supreme Court, High Court, lower courts, tribunals or the Human Rights Commission. Like some special people who are weak, who have been oppressed for a long time, who have been completely troubled, they have been crushed. Like the National Commission for Women was made because women have been abused, wronged and always at a loss. So finally, the National Commission for Women comes and when there is news somewhere, that in Odisha, in Hathras, or in Jammu, in Kathua, when there is a news of such a terrible incident, that something has happened to a woman or a child, then in such a situation, NCW wakes up, orders a report, an action-taken report, orders a case in the judiciary. That means that these are the organizations which are working for the people, so that wherever they are being assisted, they are not able to be. Now, we did not think of this all of a sudden. There is some history behind this as well. History is history. But the question is about 2021 because in 2020, there were many such news that we were seeing that many human rights violations were happening. Which were allegedly perpetrated by the public servants, by the army, by someone else. So, the question is still coming. Before that, the question came in 2018. Then, how was the Kalpana? What was thought? On 12th October 1993, NHRC was born. How? Through an act. We call it the Protection of Human Rights Act. It is called PEHRA. PEHRA Act was passed in 2006. It is a statutory body, not a constitutional body. But did we come up with this idea? Yes. What happened? In Paris, In October 1991, there was a conference or workshop where people from many countries came and discussed the first international workshop on national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights held in Paris. Then, the Paris Principle was established in Paris and it was said that there should be some such institutions in all countries that If there is any mistake, he can be punished for his crime. He can be investigated for his crime. This was said in the Paris Principles. Not by the UN Assembly. After 2 years, it was ratified by the UN General Assembly by a regulation. 48-134. So, after 2 years, they ratified it. When they did it in December, we were around it. We said, bring it, we have brought it. Look, we have NHRC here. Then the NHRC started working on us. But go before that. So, Commission... There are many UN conventions and UN has always been talking about it. Like I will tell you about the international covenants. The Commission is responsible for the fact that you are the watchdog of human rights in the country. If someone asks you, who is the protector of our fundamental rights, who is the guardian, what will be your answer? The answer is the same. But their aim and objective is to ensure that you are the guardian of human rights. If there is a violation of human rights, then arrest him and see where the mistake is. Now, this is written in the first act, section 2, subsection D. So it is written here that human rights means all those rights, rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the constitution, which is written in the constitution, all the fundamental rights, and embodied in the international covenants. What is International Covenants? International Covenants on Civil and Political Rights were in 1966. The UN General Assembly adopted some such covenants around 1966. In 1966, and then the UN assembly was talking about making an international convention, international covenants. These are all the conventions, all the rules that should be followed in the world, everywhere, at the international level. International covenants on economic, right? What else should be there? Tell me further. Economic, social and Economic, social and one more thing, political. Sorry, political is done. I think it is some rights. Okay. So, these are all on rights. Discussion. Okay. Now, political rights. These are also here. So, these few international covenants were adopted and accepted by the UN General Assembly in 1966. India adopted this convention in 1979. We saw that some international conventions were being adopted in the UN General Assembly in front of the Nehru government. Then we took some more time, it took us 12-13 years and in 1979 we adopted those conventions. After the emergency, we will talk about civil political rights, economic, social, political justice, everything will be fine. So, it is the responsibility of all these conventions and rights to be protected. under the PEHRA Act, to the NHRC. These are their objectives. What are they? To strengthen the institutional arrangements through which human rights issues could be resolved, could be addressed in their entirety in a more focused manner. And to look into allegations of excesses, if any, independently of the government, in a manner that would underline the government's commitment to protect human rights. If there is an allegation, if an allegation is coming from somewhere, that due to government system, someone's human rights have been violated or excess use of power has been excessly used. There has been a lot of body charges, there has been a lot of death in police custody, there has been a lot of torture in police custody, anything has happened, a third degree has been given, if you want to investigate all of them, independent of the government, there will be no investigation with the government, otherwise the government will say that nothing has happened, all such things. So, independent of the government, go to the NHRC, inquire about it. They should investigate and find solutions. Thirdly, to complement and strengthen the efforts that have already been made in this direction. If there is already a direction in the protection of human rights, if there are some organizations that are working, then strengthen them, make them important, support them, give them all the power. Now, Composition. What should be there? There will be some people, obviously. So, there is one chairperson, 5 full-time members and 7 deemed members. Deem members are those who have experience in human rights. Who is next? Shri Justice Arun Kumar Mishra. He was a judge of the Supreme Court and now he is the chairman of the NHRC. Next, we have members, ex-officio members, special invited to the full commission, ex-officio members, ex-officio members. What does this mean? These are the people who are already chairpersons of some organization. We have seen many organizations behind me. For example, National Commission for Minorities, NCSC, NCST, NCW, NCPCR. These are the chairpersons of all these commissions who are already members of this organization. Now these are ex-officio members because they do very important work for vulnerable groups. So we told them to become members of the NHRC. Because you are working for those people who are already minorities, already weak, already financially, economically, politically or physically weak. So you have to protect them. That's why it's important that you become a member of the NHRC. You will be able to sit here and talk better. Okay, let's see what the composition is. So who can be the chairperson? Either the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court or a judge. That's it. There will be no third party. CJI or Supreme Court Judge. Okay, what about the other members? So, either they will be serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court. or they will serve as Chief Justice of the High Court okay fine, now the other 3 members, one of them being a woman those 3 members should have knowledge and practical experience with respect to human rights that they have already worked in human rights, run an organization, or have been the director of an organization or have worked in a body in the court, so they should have knowledge okay fine, now In the commission, the 7 ex-officer members that we mentioned earlier, who are they? NCM NCM is not talking about the National Commission for Men I am not talking about men NCM is in a discussion that there should be National Men's Union NCM is not that, NCM is another National Commission for Minorities for the minority Then, SC's Commission, ST's Commission, Women's Commission Commission for Backward Classes and Commission for Protection of Child Rights Rights will be mentioned here So, Rights Let's cut the rights from here and Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities These people are now members of this body whose Chairperson is Justice Shri Arun Kumar Mishra Okay fine, then what happened? Then they have to make an appointment The appointment will be made by the President The President makes an appointment with the Chairperson and the rest of the members But they do it on their own, no They get a report from this one committee This is the Six Members Committee In which the Prime Minister is the head, Speaker of Lok Sabha, Deputy Chairperson of Rajya Sabha, Leaders of Opposition of both the houses in the Parliament and Central's Home Minister. This team of 6 people makes a committee. What will this committee decide? Who will be the Chairperson? Who will be the members? What will happen? If we are bringing a judge, a sitting judge who is not retired yet, If we tell a judge that this committee is very good. This judge should come in our NHRC. So if that judge is not retired, if he is a sitting judge, that means whether he is a Supreme Court or a High Court sitting Chief Justice, then if you want to take him or appoint him in the NHRC, then you will have to consult with the Chief Justice of India. Sir, he is a Chief Justice of Madras High Court or Bombay High Court or he is a sitting judge of your Supreme Court. We want him to become the chairperson or member of the NHRC. They have additional work to do. If you want to take them to the court, take them. If you want a sitting judge, then take them. Otherwise, we have many retired judges who are called ad hoc. You can take them. How long will you stay? They are appointed for 3 years or until they are 70 years old. Whatever comes first. They can reappoint once the term is completed. After their term, when their term is completed, they are not eligible for further employment under Centre or State. Why will they let you be employed? You have done half the work against the government, so the government will not take you. And if they are taking, that means you must have done some work with the government when you were on duty. So they are not allowing it. They are securing you independently. and maintaining its integrity through this NHRC medium. Now, if the President wants, he can remove any chairperson or member. How? If they are insolvent, if they are Diwali Agochit or if they are engaged in a job that they have earned money for Paid employment outside the duties of his office If they have already worked outside the office and they have taken salary from somewhere, you are out Then if you are unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body If body or mind and if you are unfit then go out or if you are of unsound mind and you stand so declared by a competent court The court has declared that these people are of unsound mind. They have Alzheimer's or amnesia. They are forgetting things. They don't remember anything. If you have a problem here, then it is a big problem. If you are convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for an offense, you yourself are punished. The one who went to stop people and save them, they were punished. So why will you work here? Go away from here. Okay, fine. President can be removed on the grounds of proved misbehaviour or incapacity. The same two grounds that we have read and seen earlier. Now, President has to refer the matter to the Supreme Court for an enquiry. If it has to be removed in this manner, then the enquiry will go to the Supreme Court. After the Supreme Court's inquiry is conducted, if the Supreme Court says that we uphold the cause of removal and advise so, then the President can remove the Chairperson or a member. they will remove it their salary, allowance and other conditions of service is decided by the central government and this can never be their disadvantage until they are in office after their appointment, their services, conditions, salary they cannot be varied to their disadvantage fine, very easy anything else? yes, there is something else now they start working to inquire into any violation of human rights or negligence in the prevention of such violation by a public servant. Either there is an allegation that everything was done wrong in the police station or it may be that the public servant has taken the example of negligence. That if the public servant was negligent during his duty, he did not pay attention properly, which caused any inmate or any person's Human rights violation happened. So, you can do this inquiry against them. Either Suomotu himself or they get a petition or they get an order from a court. That you go and read what happened. Then it's fine. Second thing, to intervene in any proceeding involving the allegation of human rights pending before a court. There is an inquiry going on in the court or a case is going on. But there it was found that there was a violation of human rights. which came out later, then immediately NHRC can be involved in the ongoing case Now, going to jail, detention, the facility where we keep them out of sight, then Go to those places and study the living conditions of inmates which means the people who are living in those places and give any recommendations or improvements on that Then review the constitutional and other legal safeguards which are protection for human rights and recommend measures for their effective implementation which are in the constitution or other legal and safeguards under some law If there is any improvement in that, then recommend your own measures for them We want to improve the constitutionally safeguard. Or you can write this clause better in some act. We haven't thought about this angle yet. But now we have thought about it. To review the factors including acts of terrorism that inhibit the enjoyment of human rights. Because of terrorism, many people get human rights violations. So, give recommendations and remedial measures against it. Very good. to study treaties and other international instruments like the Geneva Convention. There are other conventions like Vienna Convention. So, in such a situation, many international treaties have been passed. We had discussed that we will never kill the prisoner of war. Or, we will not attack any medical doctor or any person during the war. These are all international treaties that all countries agree on. We will not kill you, you do not kill us. We do this. So, this treaty has been passed. Now if such an international treaty has been signed, whether in the UN or outside the UN, then it has to be read, understood and seen whether its implementation is possible or not. who are around human rights and make recommendations for their effective implementation in their country and what else? to undertake and promote research in the field of human rights there are many NGOs in the field of human rights, there are many more people who work, there are many scholars so sit with them, discuss, if there is any new political science or humanitarian studies and new aspects of the animal rights, then we should discuss it. Humanitarian studies. So, this is what they talk about. That we should promote human rights more. For example, in developed countries like Germany, the US or other countries, animals have been given very good rights. Animals have been given fundamental rights in Germany. So, Our country has not developed that much yet. We say that first we should do it for humans, then we will think about animals later. So when such development happens, when people start thinking about other things, start thinking ahead of themselves, then we talk about the need for human rights. Now, to spread human rights literacy among the people and promote awareness of the safeguards. That brother you have human rights and if you are stopped on the police road. If the police ask you why you stopped them, you can say that they are not interested in the case and they are not interested in the case. You will say I will do it or I will do it. But you know that you have stopped me illegally. Neither do you have any warrant, nor am I a suspect. And I don't even have a probable cause to stop me. So you tell us why you stopped us. And what do you think we are going to do? We went out. So all this happens that we saved ourselves from being violated by human rights. And we did not fear the police, we did not get scared. We kept our words in a respectful manner. They are public servants, they have work, they have duty. They are used to being seen from the other side. They think that they are not going to rob. This happens with boys. Boys know this. They go out at night and the police stops them. The police stopped them and asked them where they were going. They said that they were not telling them where they were going. They told them not to call their dad. The police understood that they were scared. They told them to call their dad. They did. In this situation, if you are a student of Mr. Aditya, you can say that we are showing you everything and we will comply with you. But we were just going from here to there and now we will go back to our home or hostel or PG or wherever you live. So these are all ways of talking. That means you are aware and you know your human rights, you know your rights itself. It is not the police's right to remove the keys of your car. You start making police videos, this is not the right to break your phone. The army news was going viral that something happened in Kashmir. A lot of protests have taken place there. Why? Because the army was attacked earlier. Two or three soldiers of the army were martyred there. After that the army cracked down and caught a lot of terrorists. Then the video started coming in Kashmir. No, no, they were innocent people and this happened and that happened. So now they are saying that the problem of AFSPA, everything happens because of AFSPA. And this rule should go, this act should go. Because of this, a lot of damage is being done to Kashmiris and so on. Okay, so these are all human rights. Now, to encourage the efforts of NGOs working in the field of human rights. Like, these days, the one thing I was discussing, NCM, National Commission for Men. So, injustice is being done with men too. And... We are boys, we know what happens. So, now why is the N.C.M. demanding? Like, There were many provisions in the Supreme Court that are against men. And women have undue advantage. And women abuse those laws and trap many people in illegal or false cases. And many men lose their lives fighting but they can't get rid of it. I remember one person who fought and won. He was in jail for 7, 8, 10 years and he got a law degree from there. He studied law there, he also gave an exam, took the bar exam. Now after this, that person wants me to help other people like me. I will help other people, tell them that everything can be right, you just keep patience. Truth will finally win, truth will finally win. So now I am seeing many people who are worried these days, they say that sir we will not marry. Sir, we will not even make a girlfriend, we will not even go, we will not do it because we listen to such cases a lot. The case is actually being publicised more like this. Now, if there is a bad incident happening on a woman, how many percent of the chance is there that the woman comes forward? There is very little chance that she comes forward. Now, which cases are there? The fake cases of dowry, fake rape cases. These cases are more common. Now, there is not much consideration for women if a man is put in a fake rape case and later that rape case turns out to be false, then there is not much option for women to put a penalty on women. This is an issue, a fundamental issue. Okay, let's go. To undertake such other functions as it may consider necessary for the promotion of human rights. So, many NGOs work on this issue, for women, for men, for children, for animals, but animals are not in the human rights category, so they are not concerned. For them, there are some noble souls, like you and me, who work for animals. And everyone should do it. That's what Kandhiji used to say. Now, what has the Commission done to ensure that we fulfil all these functions? So the commission's priority task has been decided. The primary goal of the commission is protection of human rights. To achieve this, the commission said that we will do sit-ups everywhere. We will set up camp facilities, camp sitting, open hearing where people can come to us, Commission has organised in different parts of the country, all these things, to provide justice at the doorsteps of the victims of the human rights violations. And all these camp sittings and these methods have proved to be of immense useful utility. Now, what happens in these things? We cover a wide range of issues such as alleged human rights violations due to All these factors. If a human rights violation is being committed because of these factors, then in camp settings, in open hearings, all these things come out. Like, negligence by public servants in the prevention of such violations. Okay, alright. Alleged custodial death. Police in judicial custody, torture, fake encounters, police high handedness, violations committed by security forces. Now here is a problem, we will discuss it further. Conditions relating to prisons, atrocities committed on women and children. and other vulnerable sections of society Also, communal violence when there is a religious revolution or when there is a Hindu-Muslim revolution or when there is violence in the name of religion or community Bonded and child labour or child labour Non-payment of retirement benefits Worked all your life You should have added a pension but you are not getting it Negligence by public authorities and atrocities on SCs and STs If there is a human rights violation because of all these reasons, then it is visible in these camps. Now let's start working on it. Then let's start working on how? The commission's headquarters is in Delhi. If the commission wants, then it can open its headquarters in some other place or any other regional headquarters. It is vested with the power to regulate its own procedure. It makes the procedure itself, how many offices we will live in, which building we will live in, how much should be done, how will our work be done. computer system, software, everything it has all the powers of a civil court and the proceedings are of judicial character why? because the chairperson is a supreme court judge and the rest are high court judges and commission chairperson so it is a quasi judicial body and they have full power of civil court now it may call for information or report from the central or state authorities or any other authority below them bring the document Get the report, get the action taken report, and show the conduct of all your public servants, how the work was going on. To get all this done, the commission has its own investigating staff, its own nucleus of investigating staff who investigate all these violations and bring them to the human rights complaints Now, how does this happen? Empowered to utilize the services of any office or investigation agency of the central or any state government for this purpose Now to do this, establish effective cooperation with NGOs because NGOs get more active here. Like there is an NGO of Kailash Satyarthi which There are many foundations for children, so that they can be well-fed, educated, and have a multidimensional development, childhood, and life. Like this, NGOs are very active and they have first-hand information about human rights violations. Because NGOs reach out to people before anyone else. If there is news in the media, someone gets to know about it, they reach out to the victim. First hand report is brought in. That what happened is true. Now tell me the truth. Then the report is found out. Then the commission. Here is the problem. The commission has a problem. If today an alleged act of violation has happened. Of any human rights. Then they should file a hearing within one year. After one year. not empowered to inquire into any matter after the expiry of one year. If one year is over, then they cannot inquire into it. Also, commission may take any of the following steps during the time when they receive a complaint. This is fine. Complaint is received, inquiry is done, everything is done. After this, what is their way? It may recommend to the concerned government or authority to make payment of relief, payment of compensation or damages to the victim. If any damage has been done, then give it back. or cash or kind, it may recommend to the concerned government or authority the initiation of proceedings. That you start the proceedings for prosecution or any other action against the guilty public servant. If there is an inquiry against a government officer and the inquiry is clear that yes, he did wrong, then after that inquiry, After completing the inquiry, the government was told that your officer was wrong. Start an inquiry against this. Now, it may recommend to the concerned government or authority for the grant of immediate relief, interim relief to the victim. If the victim is in jail, give interim relief to the victim. It may approach the Supreme Court or other high court concerned for the necessary Directions, orders and rates. Sir, we have a problem and we have written to the judiciary that we recommend this course to you. This is what we have found. Now, this is their organization. A chairperson, then member 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, then secretary general who is the CEO's role model, who has full power to take all executive action and two divisions are the biggest. Investigation division, law division. Law division is very big. After this, PR, personnel, training, administration, these are the internal departments that write their own functioning of this entire commission. But these are the two main divisions. Now, the role of the commission. Functions of the commission are mainly recommendatory in nature. It has no power to punish the violators of human rights. If they inquire, and if they find that there is a violation, or that there is torture, or that there is a death in custody, they cannot punish them nor award any relief, including any monetary relief to the victim. They cannot even do this. So what can they do? They can only give recommendations. And the recommendations that were given are not binding on the concerned government or authority. Yes, but here it is also the case that when the NHRC, the National Human Rights Organization, if someone is giving a recommendation and the government has not taken action on it, then it will be a big deal. The media will take it up. The media will say that you are not accepting the recommendation of the NHRC. Then what will you accept? Who will you accept? Now, it should be that their recommendation, and he was a member of Justice... I am forgetting his name. He was a judge. He said that the government cannot wash away the recommendations made by the commission. What happens then is that if we give you a report, the commission's role is recommendatory, it is advisory, it is fine. Yet, the government considers the case, listens to it completely, what they have given forward. It is therefore improper to say that the commission is powerless. It is not that we are powerless. We have done a lot of work. We have solved more than 1 lakh cases in a year and we have received so many complaints. So, Commission enjoys great material authority and no government can ignore its recommendations. Although recommendations are of a recommendatory nature, but it should be informed about the action taken on its recommendation within one month. We gave you the recommendation, now tell us what action you have taken on it. We sent it to the government. The government is saying, yes, we have done it. It will be done. It is happening now. We are doing it. Within a month, you can ask the government for an action What happened when we gave the recommendation? Okay. So this is the thing. Thank you. Then the commission has a limited role when it comes to armed forces. With respect to violation of human rights by the members of armed forces. Wherever Navy, military, army, air force, paramilitary force or any other force of the union. So if there is a human rights violation because of their personnel, then in that case they have a very limited role. How? NHRC can only ask for a report from the government. Sir, can you bring us a report? What happened? Then the government will give them a report. Then they will give a recommendation. Sir, according to your report, we think the findings are correct. There is no need. But according to your report, we think that yes, there were some problems. And you should have improved them. Like the government reported that yes, there was a shooting and we found out that 2-3 people were arrested. So in this case, let's give this recommendation that whoever is an investigating or arresting officer of the army, navy or military, they will work on themselves wearing a body camera. If there is an arresting officer, if there is an army officer in the Dhras sector, Kargil, if he is going to arrest or investigate something, or if he is going to raid somewhere, then he should wear a body camera. It is possible that such a government is given a recommendation. Then later you can ask the government, what did you do with the recommendation we gave you? Within three months, the government will have to give an answer. Sir, you said body camera, but we said that it will take a lot of time, so we didn't make it. Okay, so you haven't implemented our recommendation. They will say, yes, don't do it now, but we will do it in the next budget. Okay, fine. This note is down. I am assuming this is hypothetical. Now, commission submits annual or special reports to central government and state governments. Then these reports are laid before the respective legislatures, parliament and state constitution. Along with a memorandum of action taken report. Tell us what action you took on our recommendations. And if you have done any non-acceptance. If you don't agree with our recommendation, then write the reason of any such recommendation. Whatever the reason is. So, we will also give this. Now, after this, some problems. The problems identified by the commission itself. The commission itself has not said that we have administrative constraints. We have administrative restrictions. How? Look, the commission is compliant with Paris Principles. Yes, it is correct. What is the Paris Principle? The Paris Principle says the same thing that happened in Paris. The International Workshop. So, all these NHRC organizations, NHRI, NHRA, National Human Rights Authority, all these organizations in our country, all these organizations shall have an infrastructure which is suited for their functioning, for their smooth conduct of its activities. They shall have their own offices, adequate funding, staff. Now, what is the purpose of this funding? It should be to enable it to have its own staff and premises in order to be useful, independent of the government and not to be subject of financial control, which might affect its independence. If there is a violation of human rights and it is known that the NHRC is sitting on the trust of the government, that sir let us go, let us investigate, let us do it, let us do it, will the government say that we need money? Yes, we need it. So sit here, keep quiet. So what happened in such a situation that independence... They couldn't get fostered, they couldn't become independent. Now, this is where the problem arises. Here, the role of the commission is expanding day by day. Look, they handle more or less 1 lakh complaints every year. They get complaints reflecting the growing trust that people have built on them. There are many lawyers, many such NGO activists, social activists, who say straight away that if you have done something wrong, we are going to the NHRC. People are trusting NHRC and this necessitates devolution of powers to chairpersons of the commission in administrative as well as financial matters also. That brother let us fulfill some of the administrative role and also give us financial freedom. Okay, we have to give, we should also give. Now financial constraint is also on them. What? The commission receives grants in aid. Remember the grants in aid? The same grants in aid. Every year from the Government of India. By the Home Ministry. Now, they received some money. It may spend such sums as it thinks fit for performing its function. As much as they can spend. And all these sums, all this money, it shall be treated as expenditure payable out of these grants. The money will be generated from these grants. With this financial independence, the Commission functions efficiently to fulfil its mandate. He does his work but still there are some problems. Like they are still asking for vehicles. They want vehicles but we don't have vehicles to go and come. So that thing is still going on. Problems keep coming. This is called red tapism. Lal, Fita, Shahi. This is what they call it. So what is red tapism? Does anyone know? Red Tapism Lal Fita So, there is a file in an office and when you see the file it is completely digitized Why did the word red tapism come out? Because important files were tied with red ribbon by closing them Now, they are removing it today and opening it What was happening was that the file was stuck on the desk It was called Lal Fita Shahi that red tape is done and because of red tape our file is not able to go up it is not working properly This is just one example of how the vehicles are not coming. Now, manpower constraints. Since its inception, the commission has never had the full sanction strength as compared to the available strength. They have never done anything with full strength. As a result, due to voluminous complaints, they cannot handle as much as they are getting. It is compelled to engage retired government officers. Government officers as consultants on contractual basis. Because they don't have full strength. Chairman, members, ex-officio members, staff, admin. So when they don't have it, they ask the retired officers to come and work on the contract basis. Do it for 6 months, 1 year, then they will renew the contract. So they never had the strength of permanent staff. Now, commission also struggles to cope up with the expectation of the victims of human rights violations. We have faith in NHRC, we go to them directly. NHRC says thank you very much for your trust but I already have 200,000 files. I am not able to handle it, I am tired. That kind of things are happening throughout the country. And is unable to fulfill its mandate of protecting and promoting human rights. This is the issue. Now, this requires creation of various posts for effectively and efficiently discharging its duties, its mandate. They need a lot of... So, vacancies should be made, staff should be admitted, new students should be admitted here, and appointed here. Then only all this can be done. The Supreme Court has also said this. The Supreme Court has also said that we are seeing that the NHRC has a lot of load and the number of people is low. So, we ask the government to remedy this and correct it. This was it. Then. This is the data we have. 31,000 cases, 18,000 cases, these are pending cases. Now it is increasing. 15,000, 23,000, 28,000, 40,000. These are all cases. This is data from 2014-15. Now the cases have increased further. Now, this is the problem. Shortage of experienced investigating officers. Now, when there is an investigating officer who investigates, if the number of people is less, then this affects to some extent conducting spot inquiries on custodial deaths, torture. Illegal detention etc. for which sufficient number of experienced staff are required. They are not there. They are less people. Law division, which is the biggest and best department of them. Which is the backbone of the commission. It faces a lot of problems. They have problems in performing these duties. In its pivotal role in handling and disposing of a large number of complaints due to shortage of staff. Again, shortage of manpower. This is the staff. So, now, okay. This issue is causing this issue. pendency of case that 31000, 1800, 11000, 15000, 23000, 28000, 31000, 40000 now it is increasing more so this was our chapter here only chapter is ending you will study in next class now we were on national class next class we will go on state class so next chapter will be SHRC State Human Rights Commission so with that I take your leave good luck keep studying