hello everyone how are you doing today this is dr ayan from the victorian anatomy channel today we will dissect the long muscles of the thigh or what's called the hamstring muscles in the dog so let's get started the hamstring muscles or the long muscles of the thigh includes the biceps muscle of the thigh or biceps femoris muscle the semitendinosus muscle or semi membranosus muscle and finally the abductor muscle of the thigh or abductor chloroscoudades and now we will talk about the lung muscles of the thigh or what's called hamstring muscles in this case we are talking about four long muscles the first one is the biceps femoris this big one here of course this is a lateral view of the hind limb of course so here we have the biceps femoris counter to the biceps femoris we have a very small muscle called the um caudal uh abductor pleuros muscle this one here after that we have the semitendinosus and same membranosus and let's start with the first one which is the biceps femoris muscle the biceps femoris muscle is a huge muscle uh found just under the skin here once you move the skin you can find the biceps see mars the biceps femoris originate from the ischial tuberosity this projection which we can palpate here from the ischial tuberosity and at the same time arginine also from the sarcotembros ligament if you remember the sacral tuberose ligament and that ligament extends between the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity or tuberciadicum let me show you now the the bone here again this is the normal situation so here we can see the origin of the biceps femoris which is the ischial tuberosity this projection here and the same time as i said before from here up to the sacrum uh we will dissect it later we have the sacrotuberous ligament which forms also the origin of the biceps humerus the biceps femoris moves down here and inserts into different regions the first one is the facialetta if we want to include it here it inserts also to the batilla it inserts also to the tbl crest tbl crest here in this area here the tbl crest you know which is located just uh under the tibial tuberosity and also to the ukrainian serves of the tibia here to the fascia of the stifle here this fascia here and finally let me also tell you that the biceps femoris inserts or send also another ligament to the calcaneus to the calcaneus again the biceps remorse originate from the ischial tuberosity from the sacral tuber ligament and in cells to the facial lata to the patella to the tibial crest cranial surface of the tibia to the facial found in this area and finally to the calcaneus to the calcaneus again if we look at this pawn this is the tibia and fibula of the dog so the one of the or insertion of the biceps and mars is to this area here the closed tibial crest at the same time to this area clearing the surface of the tibia and finally of course it since uh as i said before uh like uh extra ligament extra ligament to the calcaneus to the calcaneus which is this you know that one of the thousand bones to the tupercalcan this one here the biceps femoris is innervated by this proximal partisan repeated somehow by the branches from the caudal gluteal nerve the distal part of the biceps femoris is innervated by muscular branches from the shiatic nerve and specifically from the tibial nerve which is a branch of the shiatic nerve in this area the function of this muscle the biceps femoris is to extend also the hip joint extend the hip joint and at the same time also elevate behind them elevate behind them and if you want also to consider this tendon here so we can also see the say that the biceps femoris is a flexor of the stifle joint flexor of the stifle joint so contraction of this muscle will do this this movement you know extension of the hip joint flexion of the stifled joint and even if we consider this one it's also somehow this small tendon of the biceps femoris extend also the tarzan joint this was the biceps femors in the dog so now if we want to see this small muscle just located behind the biceps femoris we have to dissect the biceps femoris move it cranially a little bit like this and just behind it and under it we can see this small muscle here this small muscle it's a thin muscle but very long muscle of course start from also the sacral tuberos ligament there and inserts the deficient this area here this is the abductor muscle of the thigh abductor muscle of the thigh or the abductor whereas caudalis this muscle from the knee abduct actually abducts the the high end limb is innervated by the branches from the shiatic nerve so abductor plurals cow dallas or the abductor muscle of the thigh let me try to show you exactly the whole muscle is this small muscle found in this area here the next muscle which we can the next muscle which we can see just behind the biceps femoris here if you dissected and separated here you can see this long muscle called the semitendinosus muscle the semitendinosus muscle start also or originates from the ischial tuberosity of the ischium we show you the bone later and inserts to the proximal tibia and to the at the same time to the calcaneal tuberosity calcaneal tuberosity or tubercle kanye so again the semitendinosus muscle velocity let me show you now the bone so here let's put it just next to it like this so it originates from ischial tuberosity and inserts and cells to the broximal tibia to the proximal tibia here and at the same time it sends also like a ligament sorry attendant to the tubercult canny or calcaneal tuberosity of the calcaneus the innervation of this muscle correspond the shiatic nerve as i said before from the nerve which we are going to they said later gives a lot of muscular branches for the innervation of a lot of muscles one of them is the semitendinosus muscle and the function of this muscle again look at the origin insertion the function is also to extend the hip joint and at the same time like the biceps tumors is to flex the stifle joint to flex the stifle joint again semitendinosus is a flexor extensor of the hip joint extensor of the hip joint and flexor of the stifle joint this one the semi-tendinosus muscle just caused immediately caused immediately to this muscle we can find another muscle called the semi-membranosus muscle yeah the semi-membranosome muscle i will try to show you the semi-membranos muscle by moving the hind limb like this this is the semi-membranos muscle the semi-membranos muscle as you can see originate also from the ischial tuberosity and inserts to the distal femur and to the medial proximal tibia again it originates also from this area the caudal area of the ischial tuberosity and inserts to the to the proximal femur this area here immediately of course medially and to the to the medial proximal tibia so if we put them together like this so this is the insertion area of the semimembranosus medial femur bone and the medial proximal surface of the tibia the function of this muscle the semi-membranosus muscle it's a huge muscle if you if you follow no it's a huge muscle and after that we will try also to dissect it and show you exactly this muscle which could be somehow divided they are here into two parts the function of this muscle is also to extend the hip joint extend the hip joint here the semi-membranosus muscle is innervated by also a break uh muscular branches from the shiatic nerve this was the semi membranos muscle so at the end let's say so on this group we talked about four muscles starting from the cranio laterally here we have the biceps femoris the biceps tumors just covered to the bicep spifi mars here we can see a small muscle called the abductor muscle of the thigh and next to it calorie we have the semitendinosus muscle and finally we have the same membranosus muscle [Music]