VO2 Max - Cambridge IGCSE PE Lesson

Key Learning Objectives

• Define VO2 max and its role in measuring cardiovascular endurance.
• Identify and explain factors affecting VO2 max levels.

What is VO2 Max?

• Definition: Volume of oxygen consumed while exercising at maximum capacity.
• Unit of Measurement: Milliliters of oxygen consumed per kilogram of body weight per minute.
• Significance: Indicator of cardiovascular endurance or stamina.

Physiological Factors Determining VO2 Max

1. Respiratory System: Uptake of oxygen from the air via alveoli.
2. Circulatory System: Transport of oxygen to muscles by the heart.
3. Aerobic System: Conversion of oxygen to ATP (usable energy).

Importance of High VO2 Max

• High VO2 Max: Ability to consume large quantities of oxygen during exercise.
• Benefits: More energy (ATP) production, enabling long periods of intense exercise.
• Typical in: Endurance athletes (marathon runners, cyclists, triathletes).

Testing VO2 Max

• Laboratory Tests: Using treadmill or cycle ergometer with expensive equipment.
• Field Tests: 12-minute Cooper run, Multi-stage fitness test (provide estimates).

Improving VO2 Max

• Method: Continuous training (minimum 20 minutes), maintain heart rate 65-85% of maximum.

Factors Affecting VO2 Max

1. Lifestyle Choices: Smoking, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle negatively impact VO2 max.
   • Example: Smoking reduces oxygen uptake by hemoglobin in red blood cells.
2. Age: VO2 max declines with age (highest in 18-25 years, declines ~1% per year).
3. Gender: Men typically have higher VO2 max than women (due to muscle mass, stroke volume).
4. Genetics: Inherited factors such as muscle fiber composition, heart size.
5. Training: Regular cardiovascular activities (running, cycling, swimming) improve VO2 max by increasing system efficiencies.

Conclusion

• Reviewed all necessary information on VO2 max (Topic 6.6).
• Advised to practice with past paper questions for better understanding.
• Next lesson: Chapter 7, Principles of Training.