Welcome to our Channel today we are diving into the world of molecular biology whether you are a student a science Enthusiast or just curious about the molecular mechanisms of life you are in the right place if you are new to this Channel please click on the Subscribe button and share the video with your friends now let's get started what is molecular biology molecular biology is the branch of biology that deals with the molecular basis of biological activity it focuses on the interactions between various systems of a cell including the inter relationship of DNA RNA and protein synthesis and how these interactions are regulated in essence it's all about understanding how molecules interact to control the processes that Keep Us Alive molecular biology is a vast field with several exciting streams like genomics proteomics transcriptomics and metabolomics let's explore each of these streams in detail first up genomics this stream focuses on the study of the complete set of DNA in an organism it's about sequencing and analyzing genomes understanding Gene function and exploring comparative genomics and evolutionary studies essentially genomics aims to map sequence and analyze all the genetic material of an organism unlocking the secrets of our genetic code next we have proteomics this involves the large scale study of proteins their structures and functions proteins are the workhorses of the cell performing a vast array of functions proteomics seeks to understand the structure function and interactions of all proteins within a cell or organism this knowledge is crucial for understanding cellular mechanisms and disease processes moving on to transcriptomic which is the study of the complete set of RNA transcripts produced by The genome by analyzing the transcripton we can understand which genes are active when they are active and how their activity is regulated in different conditions and cell types this helps us decode the dynamic aspects of gene expression and finally metabolomics this stream focuses on the scientific study of chemical processes involving metabolites metabolites are the small molecules involved in metabolism metabolomics examines these molecules to understand metabolic pathways and how they are altered in diseases or in response to treatments now let's cover the basics molecular biology is all about understanding the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA results in the processes of life this includes the structure and function of nucleic acids protein synthesis and Gene regulation let's take a journey through the history of molecular biology highlighting major milestones in 1869 Fredick misher discovers DNA it was in 1944 Avery matod and makarti identified DNA as the transforming principle in 1953 Watson and Crick proposed the double helix structure of DNA in 1977 Sanger sequencing method was developed in 1983 car Mullis invented PCR which revolutionized DNA amplification in 1990 human genim project was launched in 2003 completion of the human genim project in 2012 crisper C 9 Gene editing technology was introduced it was in 2016 first human trial of crisper Gene editing in China in the year 2020 mRNA vaccines for covid-19 was developed in 2022 Alpha fold AI predicts protein structures in 20123 advancements in single cell sequencing Technologies in 2024 integration of AI and machine learning in genomics and proteomics these Milestones represent pivotal moments that have shaped our understanding of molecular biology and its applications molecular biology is truly interdisciplinary with significant contributions from biochemistry genetics biophysics and bioinformatics each of these fields adds a unique perspective and set of tools to the molecular biology toolkit we classify molecular biology into two main categories classical molecular biology and new molecular biology classical molecular biology focuses on fundamental processes like DNA replication trans transcription and translation while new molecular biology integrates High throughput Technologies systems biology and synthetic biology some Landmark discoveries include the discovery of the structure of DNA development of recombinant DNA technology introduction of priser cast 9 Gene editing advances in Next Generation sequencing these discoveries have revolutionized biological research and Medicine molecular biology has expanded significantly in recent years leading to the development of personalized medicine advancements in gene therapy Innovations in synthetic biology and enhancements in bioinformatics these advancements are opening New Frontiers in research and treatment before going into the details of central dogma of molecular biology let's understand the genetic material genetic material is the medium by which genetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next it must be stable to store information capable of accurate replication and mutable for evolution DNA fits all these criteria perfectly making it the ideal genetic material the central dogma of molecular biology explains the flow of genetic information within a biological system it's often summarized as DNA to RNA to protein this involves DNA replication transcription of DNA into RNA and translation of RNA into proteins these processes are fundamental to all life molecular biology is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field that has revolutionized our understanding of Life at the molecular level from the discovery of the DNA structure to the Advent of Gene editing Technologies the contributions and advancements in this field continue to shape the future of medicine biotechnology and our understanding of life itself thank you for listening to molecular biology introduction video if you have any questions drop them in the comments below don't forget to like share and subscribe for more exciting content see you next time