Population Geography

Review of Last Lecture

• Covered:
  • What is Geography?
  • Different branches of Geography
  • Factors affecting Population Distribution (Physical factors)
  • Formula for Population Density

Lecture Topics

Human Factors Influencing Population Distribution

1. Agriculture:

• Areas with better agricultural conditions tend to have higher populations.
• Example: Uttar Pradesh & Bihar (due to availability of water, good quality soil)
• Crop Types & Methods of Cultivation:
  • Specialization in certain crops impacts population (e.g., Wheat in Punjab, Haryana; Rice in South and Western India)

2. Mining:

• Mining areas attract industries and workers, increasing population.
• Example: Copper Belt in Africa, Chotanagpur Plateau in India, Manchurian region in China.

3. Transportation:

• Efficient transportation leads to various facilities, thereby increasing population.
• Transportation methods:
  • Roadways
  • Railways
• Example: Development of port cities (Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata), Coastal areas.

Urbanization

• Process: Village -> Town -> City
• Induces development of facilities (education, health, opportunities)
• Examples: Mumbai, Pune, Thane in Maharashtra

Political Factors & Government Policies

• Governments can influence population growth through policies.
• Examples: Incentivizing settlement in underpopulated areas, One-Child Policy in China, Family Planning in India.

Population Growth

• Factors:
  • Birth Rate: Number of live births per 1000 people
  • Death Rate: Number of deaths per 1000 people

Population Growth Formula

• Example calculation: Hypothetical population numbers to derive growth.
• Population Growth Rate (%): (Population Growth / Earlier Population) * 100

Key Takeaways

• Agriculture and Mining strongly influence population distribution.
• Transportation and Urbanization lead to increased population in specific areas.
• Government Policies crucial in managing population growth.
• Understanding of Population Growth metrics and calculation methods.

Next Lecture:

• Remaining topics on Population.