[Applause] [Music] let's cover all the key ventilator numbers from alarms modes settings and monitoring first thing I want to highlight is the pretty blue light here this tells us a lot of important numbers then down here at the bottom is the clear curly stuff which a lot of lung butter builds up in there lastly is the big old round dial here always a family favorite oh yeah you turn this sometimes and uh I'm just kidding this is actually a meme from Facebook and I think it's pretty funny here because half the time no one knows how a ventilator Works they just push it around like a big frigerator okay let's start the lecture starting with alarms so we have two types low pressure and high pressure here so for low pressure this is known as a low tidle volume alarm just think of the Double L here it means L we have a loss of connection resulting in an air leak now it's typically caused from a cuff leak that's not tight enough or ET tube displacement which is very scary or just disconnection of the tubes and high pressure alarm also called high peak pressure alarm just think H for high blockage anything that can cause a blockage of air flow resulting in peaked airway pressure so we must assess first for blockage now this is typically from biting a tube kinks in the tube excessive Airway secretions like a mucus plug or even coughing which is probably the most common and another common one is a client who fights the ventilator typically when waking up from cation now some more serious ones are pulmonary edema that fluid in the lungs and pneumothorax that popped lung with with trapped air click here to check out our brand new app-based enlex product loaded with the highest quality enlex style practice questions and complete with detailed video rationals that break down the question for you so finally mastered all those darn select all the apply questions plus all our enct memberships come included with our entire library of over a th000 videos and study guides and cheat sheets come see why over 100,000 students have trusted their future to simplenursing.com click here to get started for free this causes more pressure so really just anything that causes a blockage of airf flow now kapin mentions a client with empyema receiving mechanical ventilation appears restless and agitated priority action when a high pressure alarm sounds instruct the client to allow the machine to breathe for the client and a common enlex question here the nurse responding to a high pressure alarm on the ventilator would assess for which condition so once again think high pressure high blockage so option number one osculate the lungs for pulmonary edema yes this is high blockage option two biing the ET tube Yes again another blockage now option three and four are incorrect tube displacement guys that's a low leak here a leaky air and number four disconnection of tubes again we're leaking air there's no blockage here and option five and six are correct excessive Airway secretions can cause blockages and kinked Airway tubing will definitely cause a blockage now let's cover modes here the two ones you have to know is AC and SV so AC is for assist control this means full machine machine control over the patient's respiratory rate so it's 100% machine control typically used after CPR or even in life support like long-term care clients so just think AC is for actively controls breathing next is simv this is known as the weaning mode so the fancy word is synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation basically the patient controls breathing mainly and the Machine assists so think of the double s's here s for SV is s for step down we're basically stepping away from full control and we're doing the weaning we're allowing the patient to take control of their own respirations here next is all the main crazy settings here so starting with the first one VT also known as V4 this is known as tidal vol volume now I know you're probably thinking it should be TV but no it's VT so the description is the volume of air set to be delivered with each breath so every time a patient takes a breath of air this is the volume they get so 500 to 800 MLS of air is typically normal in terms of how much air they get so the memory trick for tital volume just think a tidal wave of air next is frr R this is our frequency of respirations so just the number of breaths per minute and just like normal like your normal vital signs 12 to 20 is the typical setting here so the memory trick just think f frr as freaking respiratory rate man okay next is F2 it's our oxygen concentration typically between 35 to 100% so naturally higher the oxygen percentage the the more severe the patient is so the memory trick F2 just think the2 for Fe me O2 next up is our peep positive and expiratory pressure so I would really focus on this one because a lot of complications really the most deadly complications come from this setting so it keeps the Alvi open with positive pressure at the end of the respiration and a huge caution is that barot trauma which eventually can even lead to a pop lung that pumo thorax so the key point is the peep improves gas exchange keeping that lvi open to push oxygen in and expel CO2 out especially with ARs where fluid fills up that elvi which blocks gas exchange so for the memory trick think of the double PS peep pushes open that lvol and very lastly is the PS kind of like when you're writing an email and you leave PS this is our pressure support it pushes air to help with spontaneous breathing so think PS is spontaneous breath support just helping the patient breathe when they want to take a spontaneous breath so a common enlex question always revolves around the most deadly complication here so which complication is associated with excessively high levels of Peep the answer is barot trauma or even pneumothorax remember a popped lung from too much pressure being pushed into the lungs or basically this positive pressure from the vent being pushed into the lungs that's the worst case scenario okay next up is monitoring we have three types the ve the PIP and the P I'm just kidding and the pplat so first up is the ve this is for minute ventilation here it's the amount of air delivered per minute so the memory trick is V ventilations every minute next is our pip here so Peak inspiratory pressure this is the max pressure during inspiration so the memory trick think pip is is the tip of max pressure and our last one here is pplat our Plateau pressure this is pressure applied to hold open the small Airways and alvioli before expiration it indicates lung compliance for example our patients in ARS who have stiff hard lungs the lungs are not compliant they're stiff and hard so Plateau pressure gently reopens the alvioli by holding it open a little bit bit longer so the memory trick think Plateau is a paused lung to hold open the air sacs just a little bit longer okay that wraps it up for ventilators don't forget to take your 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