Pediatric Nursing Principles Lecture Notes

Introduction

Nuclear Family
- Consists of two parents and their children
- Example: 1950s stereotype
Blended Family
- Parents with biological children from previous marriages
- Example: The Brady Bunch
Extended Family
- Includes parents and grandparents
Single Parent Family
- One parent, could be widowed, divorced, or unmarried
Binuclear Family
- Post-divorce co-parenting by two households

Family Systems Theory
- Family as an interdependent unit
- Stress to one member affects the whole unit
Family Stress Theory
- Focus on how families respond and cope with stressors

Authoritarian
- High control, low warmth
- Strict, inflexible rules
- Little communication; "Because I said so" mentality
Authoritative
- Moderate to high control, high warmth
- Flexible rules and open communication
- "Give and take" parenting; ideal style
Permissive
- Low control, high warmth
- Indulgent, few rules
- Parents may act as friends
Indifferent/Passive
- Low control, low warmth
- Neglectful environment

Sensory Motor (Birth to 2 years)
- Exploration through senses
- Development of object permanence
- High risk for choking
Pre-operational (Ages 2 to 7)
- Magical thinking, animism
Concrete Operational (Ages 7 to 11)
- Logical thought development
- Understanding of conservatism
Formal Operational (Age 11 to Adulthood)
- Abstract thought capability

Infancy (Birth to 1 year)
- Trust vs. Mistrust
- Importance of caregiver response
Toddlers (Ages 1 to 3 years)
- Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
- Encouragement of independence
Preschoolers (Ages 3 to 6 years)
- Initiative vs. Guilt
- Social interaction and play
School Age (Ages 6 to 12 years)
- Industry vs. Inferiority
- Pride in learning and skills
Adolescence (Ages 12 to 18 years)
- Identity vs. Role Confusion
- Peer group identification