Three… two… one… action! All right hello everyone it is 2020 And Luca and I are onboard the International Space Station. We have two video cameras here pointing in two different directions we're almost getting a full 360 view and right now we are all the way in the aft part of the Space Station. We're on the Soyuz MS-15 that is docked to SM aft this is the Soyuz that I'm going to go home on but is actually the one that Oleg Skripochka, Jessica Meir and Hazza Al Mansouri arrived on and I'll go home with them. So right now I'm in the descent module of the Soyuz here and this is the hatch between them so we're all the way as far back as we can possibly get inside the ISS and so here behind me are our seats and the parachutes behind me. I don't think we'll be able to get the whole camera in there and then on the other end there is Luca and he's in the living module the bell the habitation module of the Soyuz. Go ahead loop. Let’s give some coordinates Drew, because we are in the aft side, the Earth is in that Direction. If I'm correct I agree with that yeah The rest of the Universe is this way and behind me is the rest of the Space Station, what we call the central stack. All right a couple things that you want to point out there in the in the descent module, or in the bell? Absolutely so over here, this is where some of the systems are. We have the toilet just in case we have to stay here a couple of hours during an ascent We have vent ladders and fans and our cleaning systems so that we can scrub the atmosphere of CO2. Over here we have vacuumni [вакууми] which is the way we measure the pressure in space. And what I'm holding onto is the docking module which also turns into the hatch so when we are coming in we use this to dock onto the Space Station and it opens towards the inside and this is the part that actually impacts to the Space Station when we dock. Over here to my right these are the actual systems that are computers in here for navigation and computation. Then nicely aligned there are three space suits over here. One is yours Drew the other two are Jessica’s and Oleg’s. A couple things that we added since we arrived, we have three gas masks, these are in case we have an ammonia leak in the Space Station for emergency we have to fly to our spacecraft to come back to Earth as soon as possible. So we have ammonia masks in order to survive. Emergency procedures, the daily descending instructions, these numbers let us know how to quickly come back to Earth in case of emergency. In this container there is food and again just in case we have to spend a couple days up here inside of the Soyuz on the way to the Space Station. None of our crew had to use it but there was food in here and apparently there is also a little happy birthday balloon from when we celebrated the birthdays. So we can start traveling back and the next stop is the entrance into the SM, the Service Module which is the heart and soul of the Russian segment. Interestingly, my crew, so Drew and I and Alexander Skvortsov both arrived in this location and then we manoeuvred to a different location so as we move towards the SM we’re going to fly the same way we did as we ingresed the Space Station back in 20 July 2019. Luca, you might as well hit the lights and I'll just fly through in the dark. Yeah! I'm gonna turn off the lights so we can save some energy OK, I’m flying towards you. Alright Drew, why don’t you give me a description of where we are? Okay well we're in the in the Service Module of the Russian segment and this is a design that the Russians have used in their space program now for decades it's very similar to the Salyut spacecraft and the Salyut space station as well, and as Mir. There's the docking port back there. Here's the toilet over here the АСУ [ассенизационно-санитарное устройство], it's all decorated for Christmas. Alexander “Sasha” Skvortsov decorated the KTO [Kонтейнер Твердых Отходов] which collects solid waste. It says С Новым Годом, which is “congratulations with the New Year”. Then there are two crew quarters back here on either side and our two Russian cosmonaut crewmates Sasha and Oleg live in these two каюта [cabin] they call them. They spend most of their day back here working in the Russian segment. There's a table here that they have all their their meals and when we have meals together we have at this this table. They put tape on it to hold things down. Their water dispenser. Some Christmas decorations. Because we’re filming through the holiday. This looks very familiar to us because the simulator in Star City is an identical exact replica of this and so when I showed up in here it felt like exactly like being in the simulator back there in Star City, it's perfect. It’s uncanny how similar it is. They have a lot of their camera equipment mounted on the walls here on either side and they have windows, Earth-facing down here. Right now we’re in a night pass so we can't see any light coming through them but they have really nice optical quality lights for taking pictures straight down of the Earth. This area down here is calle the central post, the central command post. It has control of the view.... I want to show the caution-warning panel... Here, take the camera. Yeah! The caution-warning panel there and the old computers that used to work. Nowadays we don't use these almost ever anymore. Okay we'll continue. Into the adapter. Into the PGO, and if you want to swap to me and I'll take the camera you can talk about which way you're going to go first. We're gonna go up. So we're going to go up Hello Alexander! Hello. This is a surprise to me, because I finished with my physical exercise and I wanted to have a break. Can you say “hi”, say “hello”? I can say hi, say hello for everybody who will see this movie. We’re in the PGG [PGO] and we're looking… The PGG is just a junction, it's the equivalent of a node for the US segment. Basically it's a spherical module, part of the module, where you can attach to four different sides and you have modules that are needed for different things. But one of the things that we use this module for is EVAs, and that's the one behind Drew and we will go there later. But before I want to show you this one, we're going to go down to see my Soyuz, the one Drew and I came up with, just very quickly Did you say already that this is MIM-2 [Poisk]? I haven't said that. So this is called the mini research module number two in Russian MIM-2. In the US we usually say MRM-2. As you can see there is a lot of storage everywhere, this is true all over the Space Station. We always have storage in every available surface. There are two older space suits here, I don't know if you can see in the view. The Orlan spacesuits are used for the Russian EVAs. These two are the older models, they are not used anymore and are just here for storage, this is where they are kept. Then we're going to go more inside. So welcome to... Soyuz MS-13. There were some concerns from some people that the number 13 is bad luck But luckily for me it's always been a lucky number. In Italy, the number 13 used to be a big win in a lotto-like game and also my father's squadron was the 13th squadron so all good things for me. Over here basically, the design is identical to the Soyuz that you just saw. The arrangement is slightly different because instead of having the spacesuits here, they are put here on the side. The three spacesuits in only... in a about a month I will be going back down in. And then again, a tiny space for the descent module down here. We can go back up and we'll fly into the SO-1 (odin) [Pirs] Let’s see, there’s a junction here and turn. If you take over now and you can guide them into the Progress. Okay, this is SO-1 and I don't even know what we call it in English, I don't know, but SO-1 and really only the Russian nomenclature matters. This is used as an airlock and here are their two Orlan spacesuits that they would make a spacewalk with. Our Russian colleagues also keep a lot of their clothes and personal hygiene items in here as well. And we have a Progress resupply vehicle docked, that docked a couple of weeks ago and still has a lot of offloading to do. You can see all the containers stacked inside there and they slowly unpack those over the coming weeks and months because it stays docked, this one particularly will stay docked for several months. All right so we go through the SO-1 back into the PGO we will do another 180 with the camera and then into the FGB I think they call it DC-1. DC-1 in English, yeah. Docking compartment. Actually, why don’t you go that way and I'll take it. OK go ahead. Now this, to me is a little bit like going into a living museum because this is the oldest piece, the oldest module, of the Space Station. It's currently probably the oldest human object orbiting the Earth, because it was launched in 1999 celebrating 20 years this year. Actually, having celebrated already twenty years. It flew by itself, it was launched as a single spacecraft and it flew by itself for several months before being docked to Node-1. And again, this is just like the other modules that we saw, it is an exact replica of the Mir space station module. This one specifically is called the FГБ, FGB in in English. It is basically a support module. Behind this panel just like on the deck, there is a lot of storage, some systems, not many, but definitely this is the main compartment for stowage for our Russian colleagues. However because it was it was built in Russia but paid for with the cooperation with NASA I think that a lot of this, half of its compartment has NASA stowage in it. The way I see it in my mind every time I think about this I see a ladder because this is we move into it. Just going down this ladder this way. So somehow, even when I am on Earth and I think about this, in my mind it is always been a ladder going up. Drew what are you showing them there? These are mission patches from the Soyuz so we have Expedition patches for the ISS expeditions but also patches for each Soyuz crew. And these are some of the historic ones that have docked here in the past. Many people we know. So this is obviously a very busy compartment in terms of stowedge even though it sounds crazy there is an order to this. Usually when we have to go grab something we know behind which panel or which height we have to go grab things Now the only the only part of this module that does not have anything on the deck is right here because this is where our Russian colleagues take their hygiene breaks. There is a big mirror, it is probably the biggest mirror on the Space Station it's right here, I never thought about that. In these containers that you see on the side is where our Russian colleagues have their personal hygiene items. What happens is that they come here, they close this hatch, or partially close this hatch, to get some privacy and then they can shower and clean up in the morning. We know when the hatch is closed that is what is happening. From here we are going to go into one more docking module which is called the МИМ-1, or MRM-1, Mini-Research Module number one. It is a little bigger in terms of length but still very tiny. For me it is a sweet memory because it is where I docked my first time in 2013 with Expedition 36 on Soyuz TMA-09. I'll follow you down into there. There is not a lot of space in space. Now I'll stay up here in the gap. Yeah, I am just going to show... Right now, as you can see this module is being used mostly for storage. There is some science going on, on the side, that is why it is called the Mini Research Module but because there is nothing docked currently to the docking compartment which is at the very end of this module, they use it for storage. Because you have to think that every time something comes up, it has to go somewhere. And we have to have stowage to last in case something doesn't dock, so we have to have redundancy. That is why you see so much stuff on the Space Station. If this docking compartment had a Soyuz or a Progress right now, you would see that part completely emptied out and a spacecraft docked at the very end. This is the very first module that I flew in, so sweet memory back from 2013 again. And Drew, back to you. I'll take the camera and you can guide me through the PMA. Okay go here through the GER [Germoadapter=PMA]. The GAR is what actually attaches the Russian segment to the USOS, the US Operating Segment. We're now going to transition to the PMA and we are going to pass a bunch of stowage, a bunch of NASA US stowage, stowed all 360 degrees around us in PMA. Because it is probably easy to get lost, where is the Earth right now? So the Earth right now would be straight through the camera through your back, all the way down below you, behind you. It does not come easily, you have to think kind of hard about what we are doing, which direction is up. It is very easy to get disoriented, especially I find in the Russian segment because there are a lot more round confined spaces and a lot less orientation clues that are in the way that our modules are built. I am going to back my way into PMA now. I will see stowage 360 degrees around us. This is where we keep a lot of... We call them pantries and warehouses. A lot of our common use items like towels and wet wipes and dry wipes, and nitrile gloves and things that we use a lot are located right in here. So it is easy to get to when we run out of one thing, we have another backup right nearby, we can take another CTB. This is a good place to demonstrate something common like a hygiene towel. Here is a container full of hygiene towels and this is where we what we use to wash every day. A foil bag has a towel impregnated with soap already. We keep that right here so it is in a convenient location. These are all contained in bags called CTB's, Cargo Transfer Bags. Come on through and this puts us into Node-1, another one of the original modules of the ISS. It has been converted now to the primary place where we eat. This rack is the galley, one of our favourite racks in the whole ISS. It has our potable water dispenser and maybe I should just demo, filling a bag. Oh, yeah! Our food is stowed here and we have food that we share and we also have our individual containers of food and I just grabbed this one. It is tropical punch, we come over here to the potable water dispenser I would dial up 250 millilitres of this. I call this the safety, it allows you to dispense it so you don't accidentally dispense it into your face. I want ambient water versus hot water and then the bag will fill up. Once it is full I will grab a straw. I guess I could have picked less than 250 so it fills up. At least now you can drink it though, otherwise it would have been too sweet or too syrupy. Yeah! And then... We don't always play with our… well I guess we do, we do, we play a lot. But anyway, that is how we get a drink. Let's destroy one of the conspiracy theories about our table. One thing that I like to talk about is, why we have a table in space. We still need a surface to work on things, but what we use is a system of Velcro, tape and clips to hold our food in place. Here's a turkey Tetrazzini that we had set aside to bring to Sasha because he really loves turkey Tetrazzini. Once we reconstituted and ate this out of the bag we would maybe put a clip on it and then use the Velcro to stick it. Or we have tape with the sticky side up and it doesn't take much to make something stick to this. It stays in place and it gives us a surface to stick things to. A couple other things to point out here: we can keep food chilled in these MERLINs that were actually designed for science but they allow us to use them for our food and keep drinks cold. And then we have food warmers to put food in and warm it up. This kind of food doesn't require reconstitution it's already ready to go just like military meals ready to eat, MREs, and this is where we heat it up inside here. This was new to me, this galley is pretty new, it hasn't been up for many Expeditions. Back in 2013 we had to use a separate food water which was in the lab together with the water distribution system. So we didn't have a galley-style node. This is much nicer I think. This is an example of a food container with food stowed in it. This is my favourite one, we call it licky’s and chewy’s, an army term, but it's my favourite: dessert. My favourite is surf and turf. That has all... all the meat and fish You hand over to me and then you can show Cygnus and the airlock. Yeah! Why don't you mention that we have two vehicles right now? and you can show them Cygnus. Yeah! So... about... about a month ago or so... We captured Cygnus-12. For those that like history and stories, I was the one that captured the first Cygnus demo about six years ago and now this is Cygnus-12 so about an average of two Cygnus per year. This one was captured by Jessica, I believe, Yeap! assisted by Christina. It is unique in its own way, because it is the biggest Cygnus to date. It has four different levels of racks with cargo and we have been working for the past month or so taking cargo out. We are almost done with the cargo out and we are starting with the cargo in, which is going to be all trashed in about 25 days or so when we release it to burn up in the atmosphere. I am going to demo how deep it is and go down into it. Here is the first level. Second level, third level, and the fourth level is already busy with trash. I am going stick myself into it to show you just how deep we can go. I am currently... here I'm in the lowest part of the Space Station. This is the closest I can get to Earth. My Soyuz I guess is the highest point you can get to on the Space Station currently. So before we were in the highest point inside the Space Station and this is the lowest point. As you can see, a lot of space to a strap cargo and trash, some of it will be will be over here. Something I think is very cool about this vehicle is after we close the hatch we will install a delivery system so during the descent burn, the Cygnus will release into orbit some payloads that will have time to perform science for paying customers. Just another way to gain access to space is this delivery system up here. Thank you Drew, I really appreciate you giving me the voice for the airlock. This is one of my favourite places on the Space Station, even though right now it doesn't look like much of an airlock because we are in the middle of loading and unloading two vehicles In about two weeks we will be performing EVAs but not before we release one of the cargo vehicles that we will see later. Right now we are using the airlock as a temporary storage location. But when this is not a storage location, this is the temple of extra-vehicular activities. As you can see, to my left and to my right are two fully installed space suits. This is actually Drew's space suit for the past four EVAs, this is my space suit for the past three EVAs. And they are in the same configuration we left them after performing three AMS EVAs which is a story for a different time. Behind me and invisible today, but behind these boxes there is the actual airlock the one we close and gives us access to the vacuum of space. This is very unique to me and dear to my heart for several reasons. First of all because it is where we do our EVAs which is very prestigious, very hard, but also incredibly exciting as an activity. I am sure Drew you agree to that, especially for us, we did three together as a crew. But also because it is quiet inside. It is only used for that, so a unique, special place. I will take the camera Drew, and you can lead me through Node-3 and Cupola and tell me why it is a special place. We will continue from Node-1 to Node-3 where we have two exercisers going on right now. Christina and Jessica both exercising. Jessica on ARED, our resistive exercise device, weight training. And Christina is on a treadmill called T2 and she's actually doing something a little bit different, a little more unique, she's doing a backwards walk on the treadmill as she is just a couple weeks away from returning to Earth. It is thought to help a bit with some of your balance muscles as we return it requires a little bit of extra coordination. We will fly through here. Hey, we are just going to fly through. Maybe a little harder with this tablet here? Yeah... We will go underneath, down low. Does that help, I moved it. Yeah. I made it through So the treadmill T2. And then the resistive exercise device. It looks like Jessica's just finishing up on. Here where... I am going to show T2 for a second. Just to give it a look. The fact that it is actually horizontal placed this way, so my crewmate Christina is actually running parallel to the ground as opposed to vertical. This is important too, the demonstration of the bathroom here, the toilet, the WHC. It uses a lot of the same hardware as the ASU, the Russian toilet. It is a Russian design. We have a system that is integrated to take urine, collect it and convert it into drinking water and that's an aspect that's unique to ours, but most of the hardware for collecting the solid and the liquid waste is Russian. There are components in here that occasionally break, we have had our fair number of repairs on this mission so far. Those are all behind these panels here. There is a pretty complicated control panel for what at home is just a simple device that you flush with a single handle. This has a lot of buttons and a lot of instructions in case something goes wrong and what to do if you get a red light, the dreaded red light on the panel when you go to the bathroom. For urine we have a tube that collects it. This takes it through a system that mixes it with chemicals and then it eventually is processed in the urine processing assembly which is down here underneath us. That gets converted into drinking water. For solid waste you can see how this looks a bit like a toilet. Both the hose or the solid waste container use suction to make sure that everything goes where it is supposed to. Basically, solid waste is collected in a bag and then that bag is collected in this container down below here and we change that about every seven or eight days… as it fills up. Then we discard the can itself in a vehicle like Cygnus that will burn up in the atmosphere. This is another thing that makes Node-3 important to us, in addition to the toilet and the exercise, is the Cupola. You want a show a little bit of ARED just to give them an idea of what it is like to exercise on it? I think we can shoot that as another separate thing. Okay! Another thing that makes this module unique is the Cupola. We are on a night pass right now so not much to show outside. We will have to come back and shoot during a day pass. Sure, how much time before a day pass? Not too long, maybe 15 minutes or less. Do you want me to continue on the PMM? Sure, yeah! So PMM is where we stow a lot of cargo and we also use it for our personal hygiene, so let’s fly in here. It is fairly full, we store all kinds of stowage in here. One of those things is trash, all these bags back here represent different types of trash. We sort our trash according to whether it is wet whether it is dry, whether it is hardware related and all those get labelled. This is a bag of dry trash and those bags get stowed here in the end of PMM. When it comes time we will eventually load those in the Cygnus vehicle all that, along with the waste from the waste and hygiene compartment from the toilet will also get loaded into it and that will burn up in the atmosphere. We also use this... much like the Russians do their personal hygiene... keep a lot of their clothing in modules that have other purposes, this is the same for us. Our gym clothes are stowed in here and we dry them out here. We also keep our towels and washcloths in here as well and we do our showering in here. When we do need to shower we would come to this part right here. Each of us has a station where our stuff is hanging and we keep things and finish bags like this. We pull the curtains down to keep all the water from our shower from going everywhere. Basically, we take a sponge bath, we take that towel that is impregnated with soap, we add water and we just wipe down everywhere. Then we hang that out to dry and we use that for two days and discard the towel. This is how we get our privacy on all four sides and keep from getting the cargo covered with all of our dirty water. Let’s fly back to Node-1 and go to the left. OK! So welcome into the lab. I would say that just like the SM, the Service Module for the Russians is the heart and soul of the Russian segment, I would say that the US lab is the heart and soul of the US segment. Because it has most of the systems that keep us and the Station alive. Underneath these racks and on the sides there is a lot of science going on but some of the main systems that keep the atmosphere clean and keep the space station pressurized and the temperature control, it is all in this module. We also have a lot of cameras over here that we use for internal documentation. A lot of cameras are obviously in Cupola for outside documentation. This is also where we have what looks like two robotics stations. One is the actual robotics workstation, this is what we use to control the Canadian robotic arm Canadarm2 both during EVAs and cargo ops. When we do track and capture we do it from Cupola. We can ensure that is where an identical station is situated. On this side we have a simulator, this is what we call the robot station. These two computers run a simulation of different scenarios where we use the robotic arm, so the controls are identical, the visuals are very similar, just on a smaller scale. Let's continue here. A little bit of a legacy from a different time where we didn't have Node-3 is that over here in the lab we have our bicycle. This is anything but a bicycle because it does not have a wheel and it does not have a seat and it does not have a handle! It is called CEVIS which I honestly do not know what it stands for. It is an acronym for something… The way we use it is we rotate it, we lock it in this position, we strap ourselves in with this belt and then we lock our feet on the pedals with just regular biking shoes. We have a computerised system that determines the load and we have different profiles that are individually designed for each of us because of course we have different capabilities and different needs, so each of us has a different profile loaded. And each of us has different profiles for a different time of the week so that we can choose our hard or how easy we want to go. We can fold it to get it out of the way. Another unique feature underneath this panel is a very high quality window that faces straight down towards the Earth and we try to use it as much as we can for Earth Observation. I actually have not done much but I know that Drew, Jessica and Christina really love to take pictures from this window as the quality of the picture is just outstanding. Everything else around me here is payloads, which means science, scientific labs. Each one of those racks, that is what they are called, each individual rack is basically a different laboratory. This one is for fluid physics. This one is for combustion. Up here you have an express rack which is basically a modular system where we can install all kinds of different experiments. This one is for material sciences. Sorry Nah, it's OK This one is for material sciences. And more Express racks, so more individually-tailored experiments. Over here MSG, one of the two main gloveboxes that we have on the Space Station. Glovebox which means behind this panel is a completely sealed compartment that we can access behind glass to isolate the science behind it. We have another glovebox later on we'll see it in the Japanese module. Different experiments may have individual glove boxes contained inside. There is another one in FIR, another one in Columbus and another one in the Japanese module. So lots of different glove boxes for science. We are going to swap again, Drew, why don't you guide us to Node-2? OK We are entering Node-2 so we are getting very close to the most forward part of the Space Station. The most important thing here is that it has our four crew quarters. There is one overhead that is where Cristina's living right now. One here on the port side where Luca is living. Down here in the deck, Jessica. Then down the starboard side there is mine. We have each of our name tags on our quarters so that we do not forget whose is whose. Go ahead and pan through all of them there. Jessica’s nametag is covered by my CTB. And mine over here on the side so basically, Drew and I sleep standing up. And Cristina sleeps on the ceiling and Jessica has the one that would be the most classic way of sleeping on the deck if it was not that she is actually on the side. At the same time this is our living quarters, our crew quarters for privacy but it is also a working place. We have a workbench here and it has our tools deployed at all times that we use commonly. Markers, eye protection, gloves, scissors, Velcro, pliers, wire cutters. They are all here and we have a drawer full of tools back at Node-1 that has just about everything you can think of. Luka mentioned that we have two vehicles docked to the ISS right now so in places it feels like we are just moving in. We have stuff stowed everywhere right now so it is not usually this cluttered but for the last couple of weeks this has been the life that we have lived here in the clutter of cargo operations from two simultaneous vehicles: SpaceX and Cygnus. Why don't you show me the next vehicle we have here? So dragon arrived at the beginning of December and this vehicle is unique because we do not send this one home with trash to burn up in the atmosphere, this is the one we use to return science cargo hardware back to the ground. This one we will recover under parachutes and be landed in the Pacific Ocean and be recovered. So we send things back that we want to keep in here and so we are in the process of packing it up right now. I will go ahead and go down into Dragon which right now has got a lot, we have a lot of cargo operations that involve a lot of foam and a lot of bubble wrap. I say fly all the way in here Past all that and just have a look around at the empty cargo compartments as we fill it up here over the next couple of days. A lot of science return items that need to be kept cold are packed in ice and they'll be on ground and unpacked within a day or so. Interestedly, these are the two docking ports are covered with stowage right now but the two US crew vehicles, Boeing Starliner and SpaceX Dragon will dock two ports that are at front of the Space Station and then at the zenith side at the top of the Space Station here these two docking ports that hope will be used in the next couple of months. Let's go into Columbus, I'll take over. Okay I think Jessica's packing a bag there. She won't mind. I don't mind A demo of cargo operation: This goes into the bubble bag. This bubble here? Yeah. This is Columbus. Obviously the pride and joy of the European Space Agency this is the contribution to the ISS programme by ESA. We also have a lot of cargo going on but this is quite typical right now. Columbus is first and foremost a lab, so the systems are on the deck. They cover four different racks of systems and stowage but then on the sides and also on the deck we have different kind of labs. So forward is this way. Aft is that way. What makes this module special to me Is that this is where we do a lot of the human research. The two modules at the very back are called HRF modules, Human Research Facility, so to me when I think about Columbus, I will always think of doing research that really interests human physiology. Another thing that makes it dear to me is that it was built in Italy together with Node-2, Node-3 and the Cupola. So a little bit of Italian pride. The Cygnus structure is also built in Italy, so right now there is a lot of Italy here in the Space Station. Some of the very advanced facilities that we have here: right now we have a 3D-printer that actually prints biology tissues. Until a few weeks ago we grew salads over here in these greenhouses Drew, Jessica and Cristina where the main people involved with that project, I was just one of the tasters. Two different facilities with different lights, this is how we explore in the future what kind of facilities we need to go beyond low-earth orbit and explore the planetary system using stuff that we can grow on the Space Station. And of course, a lot of different cargo because of the cargo ops going on right now. Drew why don't you show me the Japanese module? Absolutely This is JEM, or the Japanese Experimental Module, Kibo. It was designed and built by the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) and like Luca described Columbus module while we are onboard he is the Columbus specialist, he is the one that is primarily doing the European Space Agency work. We both do work over here in the Japanese experimental module, I was trained as a JEM specialist so this is the module that I am primarily responsible for since we do not have a Japanese crew member on board. It is a little bit bigger than Columbus and much like any module it has both system racks and it has payload racks. Experiments going on One experiment that just that flew up on HTV is called the cell biology experiment facility, CBEF, and I just install this. It is not fully installed yet but you can see by the number of cables and boxes on the front of this thing it is fairly complicated. Like good Japanese equipment it is very well designed and very well built. It has been a lot of fun and challenging to get this installed and we are looking forward to getting it running here in the coming weeks. There are a lot of experiments like this built into the different racks. It is probably worth talking about how if you look outside the Space Station the pressurized modules of the ISS are round cylinders, they look like cans of soda, but you see the cross section for us on the inside is actually square. That is because we have these racks that are installed and each of these racks are flat in the front and around it to match the outer shell of the Space Station. It gives us this square shape on the inside but each of these racks can be taken out and replaced with something else. Maybe this is a payload rack sometime but maybe it has to be replaced with a systems rack. Or a systems rack needs to be replaced because something has failed and the entire thing needs to be changed out. Or we take one out and we turn it into a space that we can use for cargo because all the other modules that we showed you where there's cargo stowed, we also have racks that are exclusively made just for stowing things. Like this one here above. These are what a neatly stowed rack looks like. This is not overfilled by our definition of the of the word, but even the Japanese Experiment Module is not immune to being stowed such as on the deck here. We have a lot here from the vehicles that have arrived, normally this would be wide open ideally, but we do have a lot of stowage here on the deck of the Japanese Experimental Module. Maybe worth showing also Melfi is a freezer that can freeze science samples to all different temperatures. What is some of the lowest temperatures at Melfi that you have seen? –95°C. Or is that Polar? Different freezers have different capabilities and this Melfi freezer has four compartments in them and we're frequently putting samples in and taking samples out. We also do a lot of our public affairs events here because it is one of the more special modules and it happens to be also at the end. It has a nice backdrop here for us to do public affairs and it is not in the way whereas if we do them in the lab it is right in the middle of everything. There's a robotic workstation in here for the robotic arm that is on the outside of the JEM and then behind me is another piece of equipment that Luca and I are trained on it is used frequently. It is a small airlock for putting payloads in and out not for putting astronauts in and out, just payloads. There is a slide table inside that slides in and we mount a satellite deployer or a small experiment that needs to go outside. It goes in, they depressurise the airlock, the small robotic arm on the other side grabs onto it and then installs it on a platform that's called the JEF that is just on the outside of the JEM. And it has an attic! An attic, yes! So the attic, JLP, that the... Why don't you fly up and show... I'll follow you. This is JLP which is another stowage module here and attached to the JEM. It is filled with stowage, a little more neatly than PMM but nevertheless it still can look like a mess but it is actually very well organised and you can find things by location codes. Everything has a place and it has a nomenclature and we think of things in terms of how they fit into ISS coordinates. So starboard, port, aft, and forward. It is actually very easy to get confused on which direction that is so they are written right on the different bulkheads so that you know which direction, which ‘wall’, for lack of a better term, you need to go to. So Luca, this is what I was thinking We need to go shoot the Cupola again but let's do this, I will hold and we will do a fly through where you are out ahead just flying through all the way back to the Russian segment and then we'll reverse it and then we'll do a fly-through back this direction where you're holding it. Okay! So let's go up here. And we do it with me facing the camera? Yes, facing the cameras. Like a b-roll. Whichever You can move around, ok. It is not a tour per se. Just a fly-by. But you can say things as we as go. Great, let's go! Let’s fly out of JLP, I will say where we are as we go. And through the gym. Do some flips! If you're feeling good. There he goes. Okay, I'll fly forward and go to Columbus. Here we go to Cupola. Yeah! Fly-through again. You want to talk about the Cupola? So Cupola is obviously one of the places that astronauts love for many different reasons. I suppose that the main reason why we like it so much is because he gives us a 360 degree view of our planet through these seven windows. If you ever heard of the overview effect this is where we get it. We understand how fragile Earth is because we get to see about 6000 kilometres of it in one shot. We have a very clear view of how thin the atmosphere is, how fragile our planet is. Sometimes we think that probably the most fragile thing on Earth is us. We are the most fragile and the most dangerous thing at the same time. This view is just so unique and such an incredible humbling place to see it, it makes you feel really small and really part of something big at the same time. Operationally we actually do use it right here we have a robotic workstation that lets us control the robotic arm which is right there now. Through that robotic arm we capture and berth several cargo vehicles that come to the Space Station to refurbish all our needs: food, water, different kind of gases, experiments, and all sorts of cargo. As you can see Cygnus here too. Yeah! As you can see the Earth is just an incredible, incredible view. No matter how many times you come in here, no matter how many times you look outside, the view is never the same. It is always different. That light might be different, the time of the year might be different, the clouds are always different and with a little bit of luck we will be different too. I am going to have you demo the window open-close. To prevent too many meteorite strikes we try to keep it open during the day so that we have a good view of Earth and that we can enjoy the sight. But when nobody is going to be watching it, we like to close the windows. We have a simple manual system that works perfectly well. This is how we close the window. This is the main window, window number seven. On the sides we have a similar system to close the shutters and prevent micro-meteorite strikes from damaging our windows. If you would open window seven again. Let’s get a view of both of us in this camera with the view of this looking out. Both of us on this side. Absolutely! Right, so thank you for joining us on this 2020 tour of the International Space Station the 20th year of the ISS’s continuous human presence on board the ISS. It's been our pleasure to show you around our home. Constantly a work in progress, constantly a work of art, a work of science. I hope you enjoyed the tour as much as we did. It was really our pleasure to be your tour guides. I'm European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano and I'm NASA astronaut Andrew Morgan.