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Understanding Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory
Oct 15, 2024
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Lecture Notes: Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory
Introduction
Presenter
: Professor Tannenbaum
Theory Focus
: Uri Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory
Purpose
: To understand the complexity of human development and behavior
Example Question
: Why do people engage in behaviors such as drug use?
Highlights the need for a complex answer as opposed to a simple one.
Overview of Bronfenbrenner's Theory
Concept
: Consists of multiple layers influencing human behavior
Layers
:
Individual
: Characteristics such as age, sex, special needs
Microsystem
: Immediate environments and relationships
Examples:
For children: School, peers, family
For adults: Job, community
Mesosystem
: Interconnections between microsystems
Example: Relationship between family and school
Exosystem
: Indirect environments affecting the individual
Example: Parent's workplace affecting child's school life
Macrosystem
: Societal and cultural context
Examples: American culture, religious or military culture
Chronosystem
: Time dimension in development
Elements: Age at which events occur, historical context
Detailed Explanation of Each Layer
Individual
:
Personal attributes affecting behavior
Microsystem
:
Key immediate environments affecting daily life
Teachers, family dynamics, peer relationships
Mesosystem
:
Quality of relationships between immediate environments
Example: Parent-teacher interactions
Exosystem
:
External social systems impacting a person's microsystems
Institutions like workplaces and community boards
Macrosystem
:
Broader socio-cultural settings
Influence of cultural beliefs and values
Chronosystem
:
Historical and life-span influences
Timing of life events, generational changes
Example Scenario
Subject
: College student
Analysis by Layers
:
Individual
: Intelligence, personality
Microsystem
: Availability of majors, financial capability
Mesosystem
: Support from family and employer
Exosystem
: State legislative policies on education
Macrosystem
: Cultural perceptions of education
Chronosystem
: Age at college entry, historical context
Conclusion
Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the complexity of factors influencing human development.
Encourages consideration of multiple contextual layers when analyzing human behavior.
Open invitation for questions and discussion.
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