How HVAC Systems Impact Indoor Air Quality

Overview of HVAC Systems

HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems are essential for maintaining comfortable indoor environments.
They regulate indoor air quality by ensuring air circulation and filtering out pollutants.
Main components include:
- Cooling unit (usually outdoor air conditioner)
- Heating unit (typically indoor furnace)
- Ducts for air travel
Some systems use heat pumps or air handlers instead.
Identify system type via model number on the unit labels.

HVAC filters (air/furnace filters) protect both indoor air and HVAC equipment.
Filters trap airborne particles such as dust, mold, and allergens.
MERV (Minimum Efficiency Reporting Values) rating indicates filter efficiency, ranging from 1 to 16.
- Recommended MERV rating: 8 or higher.
- Higher ratings mean better filtration but can strain HVAC systems.

Clean filters prevent debris buildup in HVAC components, avoiding costly repairs and reducing equipment lifespan.
Enhance airflow efficiency; dirty filters strain systems.
Follow manufacturer recommendations for replacement frequency.
ENERGY STAR suggests changing filters every three months or more often during heavy use (allergy season, extreme temperatures).
Homes with pets may require more frequent changes.

Regular maintenance is crucial for optimal performance.
Suggested maintenance activities:
- Check electrical connections and controls.
- Lubricate moving parts.
- Inspect and clean interior components like coils and blowers.
- Check refrigerant levels and gas connections.
Professional check-ups advised once or twice annually, ideally before extreme weather.

Pair HVAC systems with smart air purifiers (e.g., Molekule Air Pro or Air Mini+).
Purifiers help trap and destroy pollutants missed by filters.
Smart purifiers provide data to identify common pollutants in the home.