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What is the function of white blood cells (WBCs) in the circulatory system?
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They engage in phagocytosis to defend the body against infections.
What are the normal ranges for systolic and diastolic blood pressure?
Normal systolic pressure ranges from 100-140 mmHg and diastolic pressure from 60-80 mmHg.
What function do platelets serve in the circulatory system?
Platelets help in the clotting of blood, preventing excessive bleeding.
How might the heart structure be visually described?
The heart consists of four chambers: two atria at the top and two ventricles at the bottom, with valves in between to regulate blood flow.
Explain the process of double circulation in the human heart.
Double circulation refers to systemic and pulmonary circulation, meaning blood passes through the heart twice during each circuit: once to pick up oxygen in the lungs (pulmonary) and once to deliver oxygen to the body (systemic).
How does the circulatory system interact with the digestive system?
It transports nutrients absorbed from the digestive tract to the rest of the body.
What is the significance of tissue fluid in the circulatory system?
Tissue fluid, also known as interstitial fluid, facilitates the exchange of substances between blood and cells, supplying nutrients and removing waste products.
Identify the primary function of the spleen within the lymphatic system.
The spleen filters blood, recycles old red blood cells, and stores white blood cells for immunity.
Describe the primary role of red blood cells (RBCs).
To transport oxygen throughout the body.
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
To deliver oxygen and nutrients to various organs of the body.
How does the circulatory system facilitate hormone distribution?
The blood transports hormones from the endocrine glands to their target organs throughout the body.
Explain the role of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system.
Lymph nodes filter lymph, helping in the removal of toxins, and provide nutrition.
Name the three main types of circulatory fluids in the body.
Blood, tissue fluid, and lymph.
What are the components of plasma in the blood?
Plasma is the liquid component of blood consisting primarily of water (92%) and contains various dissolved substances such as nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
Describe the function of heart valves.
Heart valves ensure unidirectional blood flow between the atria and ventricles and prevent backflow.
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