Overview of Endocrine Disorders and Treatments

Oct 18, 2024

Endocrine Disorders Lecture Notes

Introduction

  • Topic: Endocrine Disorders
  • Presenter: Professor D from Nexus Nursing
  • Main Disorders Covered:
    • Diabetes Mellitus
    • Diabetes Insipidus
    • SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone)
    • Cushing's Disease
    • Addison's Disease

Housekeeping

  • Like and subscribe to the channel.
  • Visit the website for resources, audio lessons, and tutoring.
  • New NCLEX test bank coming soon with a beta testing opportunity.
  • Giveaway for 50 memberships (25 for LPN/LVN, 25 for RN students).

Prayer

  • Customary prayer for guidance, protection, and success in studies.

Diabetes Ketoacidosis (DKA)

  • Question: Which order to question?
    • Correct Answer: A. IV infusion of D5W
    • Rationale: D5W contains dextrose (sugar), not suitable for high blood sugar conditions like DKA.

Diabetes Management During Stress or Illness

  • Instructions for Patients:
    • Call healthcare provider if unable to tolerate food/fluids.
    • Continue anti-hyperglycemic agents as ordered.
    • Monitor glucometer and urine ketone levels every 3-4 hours.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis Treatment Response

  • Indicator: Moist skin & skin turgor < 3 seconds.
    • Implies improvement in hydration status, opposite of dehydration symptoms.

Type 1 Diabetes and Insulin Administration

  • Action: Contact facility social worker to ensure continuous insulin administration, as patient is insulin dependent.

Growth Hormone Excess

  • Nursing Diagnosis: Least likely is disturbed body image related to undergrowth of head and extremities.
    • Correct: Overgrowth is expected.

Diabetes Insipidus Care

  • Actions:
    • Monitor hourly INO (Input & Output).
    • Administer desmopressin acetate as ordered.
    • Perform daily weights to monitor fluid status.
    • Avoid monitoring glucometer or ketone levels unnecessarily.

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH)

  • Treatment:
    • Restrict fluids to 800 mL daily to manage fluid overload.
    • Avoid additional ADH (e.g., vasopressin), IV hypertonic solutions unless sodium is severely low.

Diabetes Insipidus Clinical Manifestation

  • Expected Symptom: Polyuria (excessive urinating leading to dehydration).

Myxedema Coma Management

  • Priority Actions:
    1. Administer Oxygen
    2. Replace Fluids
    3. Place Warming Blanket
    4. Administer Thyroxine
    • Order based on addressing life-threatening hypothermia and hypotension first.

Positive Trousseau Sign (Post-thyroidectomy)

  • Indicator: Hand spasm with BP cuff inflation due to hypocalcemia.

Conclusion

  • Invitation to provide feedback on the video content and request topics for future videos.
  • Encouragement to visit the website for additional resources and follow on social media platforms.

Additional Resources