Flashcards for:
Counseling Exam Preparation Boot Camp

William Perry's cognitive development model stages are: Dualism, Multiplicity, Relativism, Commitment in Relativism, and Constructed Knowledge, reflecting changes in how individuals perceive knowledge and authority.

An Emic approach involves studying behaviors from within the culture, using its own values and norms, while an Etic approach studies behavior from outside the culture using universal standards.

Freud's life instincts (Eros) are related to survival, reproduction, and pleasure, while death instincts (Thanatos) are related to aggression, self-destruction, and the return to an inanimate state.

Irvin Yalom identifies 11 therapeutic factors in group therapy: Altruism, universality, hope, catharsis, cohesion, imitative behavior, family reenactment, imparting information, interpersonal learning, socialization techniques, existential factors.

Frank Parsons' Trait Factor Theories assume that career satisfaction and success occur when there is a good match between an individual's traits (abilities, interests, values) and the requirements of a particular occupation.

Anne Roe's Needs Approach in career counseling suggests that people choose careers based on their early childhood experiences and the fulfillment of certain psychological needs.

Krumboltz's Social Learning Theory views career development as influenced by genetic factors, environmental conditions, learning experiences, and task approach skills, emphasizing the role of learning and adaptation in career choice.

Transactional Analysis (TA) by Eric Berne includes Parent, Adult, and Child ego states, life scripts, and analysis of transactions and games that people play in interactions.

Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory posits that behavior is learned through observing others, imitation, and modeling, emphasizing the importance of observational learning, imitation, and modeling.

Carl Rogers' core conditions include empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness. These conditions help clients develop self-awareness, self-acceptance, and personal growth.

Choice Theory by William Glasser posits that almost all behavior is chosen and that we are driven by our needs for survival, love and belonging, power, freedom, and fun. Reality Therapy applies these principles through specific steps to establish more effective behaviors.

Yalom identifies four stages of group development: Initial stage (forming), Transition stage (storming), Working stage (norming/performing), and Termination stage (adjourning).

The main goal of Gestalt Therapy, formulated by Frederick Perls, is to help clients become aware of what they are doing in the present moment and to encourage them to experience and process their unfinished business.

In REBT (Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy), the ABC Theory of Personality involves: A (Activating event), B (Belief about the event), C (Emotional consequence), D (Dispute irrational belief), and E (New belief/Effect).

Freud's psychosexual stages include: Oral (focus on sucking and swallowing), Anal (focus on bowel and bladder control), Phallic (focus on genitals), Latency (focus on social and intellectual skills), and Genital (focus on mature sexual interests).