Lecture Notes: Dukuh Temple and the Legend of Brawijaya

Introduction

• Discussion about a sacred tomb at the edge of Rawa Pening.
• The tomb is associated with King Brawijaya, the last king of Majapahit.
• Discovery of Dukuh Temple, believed to be linked to this legendary king.

Background of Dukuh Temple

• Located in Semarang Regency, Central Java.
• Built around the same time as the Mongol Bow was used in the Umayyad Caliphate's conquests.
• Initial discovery revealed it to be a temple after excavation.
• Restorations revealed the temple's true form, now known as Dukuh Temple.

The Legend of Baru Klinting

• Baru Klinting is a dragon, born to human mother Endang Sawitri.
• Seeks recognition from Ki Ajar Selokantara through meditation.
• Residents attempted to hold an earth charity, mistakenly harming Baru Klinting.
• A beggar, who is actually Baru Klinting, punishes the villagers.
• Survivor of the disaster is a widow who showed kindness to the beggar.

Significance of Rawa Pening

• Rawa Pening lake is considered sacred, guarded by supernatural entities.
• Believed to be linked to the origin of the Baru Klinting legend.
• A stone tomb found by the lake believed to be Brawijaya’s resting place.

Archaeological Findings

• During excavations, the tomb was found to contain temple components.
• Dukuh Temple showcases Medang architectural style.
• Main features include:
  • Garbhagrha with yoni symbol.
  • Empty niches for deities: Agastya, Ganesha, Durga.
  • Intricate carvings and decorative features.
  • Pseudo phalluses used as boundary markers, not actual symbols.

Cultural and Historical Context

• Dukuh Temple is a Medang heritage from the 8th-9th century AD.
• Linked to the myth of Brawijaya, who supposedly fled to heal at the temple.
• Conflicting historical narratives exist regarding Brawijaya's existence and actions.
• Babad Tanah Jawi presents a version of Brawijaya's conflict with his son, Raden Patah.

Myths vs. Historical Evidence

• No direct inscriptions or evidence link Dukuh Temple to Brawijaya.
• Community rituals and supernatural beliefs shape local history.
• Historical methodology emphasizes the need for empirical evidence.
• Claims of supernatural origins can distort actual historical narratives.

Conclusion

• Dukuh Temple represents resilience against natural disasters and looting.
• Encourages reflection on personal strength and integrity amidst challenges.
• The importance of distinguishing between myth and historical fact is highlighted.
• Overall, Dukuh Temple stands as a symbol of enduring heritage and cultural identity.