hello good morning and welcome to unacademy IAS a onstop destination for all the English medium civil services aspirants welcome to the Hindu news analysis dated 27th July 2024 I'm sorry 23rd July 2024 now uh just make a correction 22nd July 2024 now before I start the discussion these are the list of the articles that I'll be discussing today first article very very important that has appeared in multiple newspapers in the form of headlines including Hindu Bangladesh job Kota scaled back by Supreme Court what is the issue all about what is the spill or effect of all of this on India let's have a look at it and while discussing this article I'll take up two articles which have appeared in Hindu newspaper again in international Edition one in the headlines that is in the first page second a very big article text and context and the third article from Indian Express editorial page of Indian Express so that is the first very important article second focus on female employment to counter unemployment editorial in Hindu newspaper third NEPA virus there is a case or the rising incidence of NEPA virus disease in Kera in addition to this Fourth Article Kera state has become the first state in India to announce a standard operating procedure for Pam right again a disease fifth article supreme court judgment on bail couple of days ago there was one more article regarding Supreme Court of India's order regarding the bail application itself and today's newspaper there is one more article let's have a look at it sixth article India's garment export Wars are self-inflicted and the final 7th article the world heritage committee 46th session is being conducted so these are the seven articles again although on the page it might look only seven articles regarding Bangladesh issue I added two more articles so in a nutshell total nine articles we'll be discussing today but before I take up the discussion here is a very important announcement if you are preparing for the next year civil services examination we are about to launch a 15 months upsc subscription course this is for the English medium aspirants the pricing has been cut down has been reduced to the lowest of 239 yes 23999 rupees for a 15 months course in this course you can Avail the classes either for English English as well as Hindi batch one is to one mentorship service will be provided to you to read books will be provided to you we will also have the test series for the prelims as well as the mains examination all all of these basically at a price of 23,990 if you're interested the link is given in the description do check it out now let me start the discussion as already mentioned I've taken three articles here first one from the text and context page of Hindu second from the front page and the third from Indian Express editorial of Indian Express what is the discussion all about listen to be very carefully very recently a high court in Bangladesh stuck down one of the orders of the government there and the Order of the government was basically to cancel the job quotas to cancel reservation or the job quotas of around 30% for the children as well as the grandchildren of Freedom Fighters and after the Judgment was issued by the High Court there was a large spread or large scale opposition to this announcement the reason being in Bangladesh the overall quotas for the government jobs the overall quota spans to around 56% that is essentially it will start from 30% for the children as well as the grandchildren of Freedom Fighters 10% for backward districts 10% for women 5% for trial population 1% for physical physically disabled population so put together there is a 56% reservation or 56% quota in the government jobs and the history of this goes back to the years 1970 when Bangladesh attained Independence and Mr bujur mujibur who was the key figure who is the father of Bangladesh who played a very important Ro in Bangladesh getting Independence announced the concept of reservation or the code of 30% for the Freedom Fighters over a period of time in addition to the 30% more and more percentage got added to the reservation and overall it went up to 56% now what is the concern the concern is that over a period of time the reservation many of the times they have not been able to fulfill with the right number of candidates the seats that have been allocated have not been given to the right candidates in many of the cases the opposition party has stated that the ruling party has abused or the misused the reservation of the court of seats where their members or the party members have availed these particular seats even though these are not applicable and that is the precise reason even before this even before this protest back in the year 2018 itself there was a wides scale opposition from the students students regarding this reservation of 56% there was a wides scale opposition and as a result of this the Prime Minister the prime minister at that point of time announced that the reservation would be cancelled the quota would be cancelled and now the concern came if the quota for the children as well as the grandchildren of Freedom Fighters itself is cancelled then automatically quota will not be not be extended to anybody else the whole system of kot reservation would be cancelled for everybody who is searching for a government job and that is when certain people approached the high court and the high court accepted their petition and in the year 2018 it basically stuck down the a order that was issued by the government the order that was issued by the government was stuck down with the order of the high court and once this particular order was stuck down again please understand there was again a widespread agitation there was opposition to this argument now please understand the argument now in the year 2024 back in the year 2024 or right now in the year 2024 this is being discussed in the high court and in the high court I'm sorry uh this is being discussed in the high court as well as the Supreme Court the high court has taken up the order has reviewed the order of the government and has stated that the order of the government where again the government is announcing cancellation of the quota for the people where it is announcing for the the cancellation of the code of the people it has again been reviewed and the high court says no we will not allow the government we will not simply allow the government to cancel the reservation or the quota for the children or the grandchildren of Freedom Fighters and with this let's say the issue of the high court order the students started agitating within a week of time this agitation spread to multiple districts of the Bangladesh out of more than 60 districts in more than 40 District districts there was a widespread agitation there was a Bloodshed many of the people died in this particular agitation and the Army had to be called in to basically control the peace in Bangladesh and to make the things worse to make the things worse the Prime Minister basically equated these protesters to rakas she stated that the people were agitating the are like razakar and these are behaving like razakar now who are rakers the razakar were basically volunteers the razakar were basically volunteers and these people who are volunteers were basically identified by a Pakistani General Mr Tikka Khan back in the year 1971 when they wanted to hold the control over the Bangladesh and wanted to basically quell the demand for Independence at this particular point of time it is stated that the razakar who are the volunteers worked with Pakistani military Pakistani army and have committed lot of violence against women and that is one of the black chapters in the history or the struggle of the struggle for the independence for Bangladesh and when the Prime Minister equated these student agitators to rakers this actually led to more violence this actually led to more agitation against the Prime Minister and these people who are protesting against the Prime Minister started saying that the Prime Minister should step down the government should resign and the first and foremost thing that they should do is basically withdraw the the reservation or the quota that they're Pro providing to the people and this particular matter which was basically taken up by the high court was supposed to be heard by the Supreme Court Supreme Court was supposed to have a look at it in the next month that is in the month of August and give an order and the government was also basically saying the same thing wait for the Supreme Court to take up the matter and issue an order please do not protest till that point of time but because of the protest because of the agitation because of the police action Etc more than 100 people have been killed in the last couple of weeks now the Supreme Court of Bangladesh has taken up the issue and it has stuck down it has basically limited the amount of qua or the reservation that would be provided until now the reservation that would be provided post the order of the high court the reservation that would be provided was 56% 56% now this has been reduced to merely 7% it has been reduced to 7% out of 7% according to the supreme court order 5% will be provided for the children as well as the grandchildren of the Freedom Fighters 1% each will be provided for transgenders tribal population Etc so totally 5% + 1 plus and 1% total reservation or the quota has been brought down to 7% which also means 93% of the government jobs 93% of the government jobs will now be available on Merit basis despite this announcement many of the student protesters have stated that they will not back down they want complete removal of this concept of a reservation or quota from government jobs in Bangladesh and to be very clear here please remember this this concept of C of reservation is enshrined it is provided within the constitution of Bangladesh for example in article 29 in article 29 Section 1 it provides for equal opportunity for jobs it provides for equal opportunity for jobs at the same point of time there is also article 29 Section 3 subsection a which provides for basically the government providing quotas or reservations for certain backward population now is this kind of a facility available in case of Indian constitution do we have a provision which provides for this kind of a positive discrimination what is the number what is that article number which provides for all of this in Indian constitution if you know the answer do let me know in the comment section so this is in a nutshell what has actually happened in Bangladesh in the last couple of weeks which has led to large scale w the Army interference and the supreme court order regarding the reservation of the job quota in Bangladesh now this is a discussion please be very careful now before I go forward to the next article certain very important announcement today economic survey will be published by government of India and tomorrow government will be announcing the union budget for the current Financial year and we have lined up many initiatives to help you understand all these announcements of government of India today at 5:00 p.m. we'll be publishing a video the top 10 budget expectations tomorrow at 1: p.m. we will give you the initial let's say certain reactions regarding what have been the announcement in the budget how does the budget look like and tomorrow at 8:00 p.m. there'll be a detailed discussion regarding the union budget 2024 right the announcements are done by the government so stay tuned if you're yet to subscribe to a YouTube channel kindly do it now and in the course of next couple of days lot of information will be provided to you regarding all of these initiatives or let's say the announcements are done by the government in addition to this if you someone who thinks economy is very difficult subject of economy is not your cup of tea you want to skip all the questions that will come in the prelims as well as Mains and even then get through the civil services examination through flying colors be very careful Indian economy is indispensable if you want to clear and get very good ranking in the civil services examination and we have started an initiative called economy for beginners where we are discussing very important Basics related to Indian economy today at 12:00 p.m. class number six will be taken up by me the photo is of mine only so I'll be taking up this particular class on a platform and some of you will be commenting the section sir where are these initiatives going to be held all of these will be held on YouTube itself all you need to do is subscribe and stay tuned for these initiatives apart from this this is a telegram Channel QR code for my telegram Channel if you're interested in getting notes of the special class classes that I take certain other important notes as well practice questions Etc you can join the telegram Channel I I promise you'll not be disappointed now next assignment Mains answer writing assignment number eight here is a question discuss the methods used under disinvestment also write a note on recent issues faced by the government under this mode of Reeds 15 marker and 250 words the only reason why I'm giving you a question on disinvestment is because tomorrow there is there is going to be a budget and in the budget one of the very important areas of announcement that we are expecting is regarding disinvestment itself so what are the different methods what are the issues faced by the government regarding disinvestment in recent times and to help you write the answer effectively I've given a very nice article which appeared in the business line newspaper couple of weeks ago you can read this article then you'll be able to write the answer to this question very very effectively please do practice answer writing now let me go to the next article editorial focus on female employment to counter unemployment what are the important points generally whenever you discuss regarding employment unemployment one parameter is labor force participation rate labor force participation rate I'll use the acronym for this lfp labor force participation rate it basically measures how much is the labor force out of the total population out of the total population how many people are actually searching for the jobs right that is called as a labor force participation rate in case of India according to the latest data which is published in the year 2023 the labor force participation rate for men is somewhere around a 78.5% 78.5% and for women and for women it is somewhere in the range of 37% for for women it is 37 and for men it is 78.5 now it is according to 2023 report and from one year to next year the data will keep on experiencing slight amount of change now specifically within this if you look at the women labor force participation rate which is at 37% it is much lower compared to the global women labor force participation rate which is around 50 3% around 53% globally it is around 53 in India it is around 37% now within this also if you dissect this number for women the rural labor force participation is different and the urban labor force participation rate is different but historically if you see post 200000 I repeat post 2000 the female labor force participation rate has been de deining it has been decreasing which many of the experts say is p puzzling it is confusing reason being post 2000 there have been multiple years where we have experienced a very good growth rates and on the other side the labor force participation rate for women rather than increasing has decreased that is actually puzzling but of recently that is post 2020 we have been experiencing a growth rate in the female labor force participation rate now you need to understand in the article what what theyve discussed I'm telling you this you need to understand what are the reasons why female labor force participation decreases and what is the consequence of this what is the problem associated with this and how can we address the issue the reasons for the decline the reasons for the decline in case of female LF FP are one generally in case of India there are certain societal pressures there are certain societal pressures or societal issues second Safety and Security of women is a very important parameter that is considered by women who are working as well as the households as well and whenever they feel that there is a issue regarding Safety and Security whenever they feel that there is a issue regarding Safety and Security participation of women in the labor force actually has declined third issue which has contributed to the decline in case of the lfpr for women is the kind of jobs the kind of jobs which are available the kind of jobs which are available are not specialized specialized in the sense women who are working for these jobs need certain flexibility in in terms of number of working hours whether they are allowed to work from home or not these kind of jobs are generally preferred by women in India and the reason behind that one of the reason behind that is said to be the household work taking care of the elderly population taking care of the children Etc so these are some of the reasons in addition to this fourth very important reason why there is a declining female lfpr is the growth the kind of growth that we have experienced in recent times there is a term called as a jobless growth India is said to be experiencing a jobless growth phenomenon which means the growth is not very much job intensive it is not creating sufficient number of jobs so the factors you can look at these factors you'll see some of the factors are supply side some of the factors are demand side as a result of which the female lfpr has decreased now what should be done how should we address this and what has happened because of this according to the article there was a survey which was conducted in certain states of India and the article says that or the survey shows that because of these particular things or the factors the jobs or the employment which are availed by the women have become gendered now I hope you understand this I'll repeat it because of these particular factors the jobs or the employment which are availed by the women have become gendered what is the meaning of gendered more and more women are entering into the jobs which they can do from home such as stitching such as right Bandon such as embroidery fall beading Etc so there is this Con concept of gendering of the jobs where women are preferring these kind of jobs which they can do easily at their flexibility sitting at home this is one of the outcomes and the major problem associated with these kinds of jobs is there is no job security there is no guaranteed income etc etc so what should be done by the government Point number one the author says first we should ensure that sufficient skilled labor is available for example we should provide the Skilling for the women who are working in the selfhelp group yes hgs we should provide Skilling to these women who are working in the SGS so that they'll be able to get much better let's say job opportunities in the market that is the first one second one is improve the work environment the government should ensure that there is and even the private sector by the way there should be Improvement in the work environment such as crer facilities such as Safety and Security of women working hours right let's say toilets Etc and the third the author says to ensure all of this is done the government must utilize the policym the government must utilize its policies formulate policies under which all of these parameters or the things are taken care of so these are certain very important points which are are discussed in the article titled focus on female employment to counter unemployment and this also takes a precedence in recent times because there is a lot of discussion whether there is high unemployment rate in India or there is lower unemployment rate in India there are multiple reports which are getting published for example in the last two weeks there was one report by City Group which raises concern regarding employment opportunities in India and says that there is underemployment in India and in the coming days even though India will achieve a growth rate of around 7% it will find it very difficult to raise a certain number of jobs there will be issue of job crisis in the coming years in India and on the other side there is also a report which is published by Reserve Bank of India kems report K Lems report or data which shows that the unemployment rate has come down India has created lot of jobs in the recent times Etc so there is a debate a raging debate which has been happening in the context of India's employment situation so please be aware of all of this now let me go to the next article I'll discuss two very important articles from the Science and Technology now first one is regarding NEPA virus disas one is Nipa virus disease and the second one is basically the state of Kerala which has issued which has become the first state to issue guidelines regarding primary Amic Menino and ctis that is a PM in the earlier session also in one of the sessions I believe in the beginning of July itself Chan s has discussed something regarding or some points regarding the P let me go forward with that particular discussion if you have not seen that video please have a look at it now first article regarding Nipa what is this Nipa virus please understand you'll come across a term called as zootic disease zuntic disease what do you mean by zoonotic disease zoonotic diseases are those which will get transferred or transmitted from animals to humans whenever the diseases will get transmitted from animals to diseases this is called as a zoonotic disease and one example of a zoonotic disease is a Nipa virus disease in case of this disease it has been found that the carriers of Nipa virus disease or Nipa virus are basically the fruit bats or even the pigs right so the transmission to humans either happens because they consume meat or they come in contact with the pigs or the bats the bats will sit on let's say a fruit right its saliva will drop on the fruit or it will eat half of the fruit or it will simply bite the fruit and these fruits are consumed by humans that is where the transmission actually takes place right this is where the transmission actually takes place apart from this NEPA virus was first identified in 1998 in an outbreak in Malaysia and in case of India it's not the first time that there's a discussion regarding this virus multiple times in the last couple of years there has been a discussion but moreover you should also make a note of this that is in the last one month itself there is a discussion regarding so many types of diseases which can be caused by virus for example I distinctly remember in one of the sessions that that I have taken earlier I discussed regarding polio virus vaccine that was there in the newspaper I discussed regarding dangu right I discussed regarding many other types of let's say vaccines as well as viruses which are there in the current affairs so because all of these are there in the current affairs be very careful questions can be asked on these areas or these Concepts in the upcoming examination either in the mains or in the prelims so apart from this certain information is provided regarding Nipa that is how do you basically take care how do you right ensure that there is no widespread of widespread Nipa virus or let's say it will not spread very widely it says just like we conducted ourselves during let's say the pandemic right let's say cleaning all the fruits when you eat it very well cooking the meat before you consume it right or wearing the prodection social distancing Etc all these can be taken as a precautionary measure to basically prevent ourselves from being infected from Nipa virus so this is one small article regarding Nipa second article I'll come to the assignment don't worry second article is regarding primary Amic meno entis p a m now please understand there is a kind of a amiba now many of you will be confused sir what is amiba those who are from Science Background very easy for them those who are not and are yet to study SNT they'll find the term amiba itself as a confusing term amibas are basically a unicell unicellular organisms unicellular that is one single cell unlike let's say human body we are made up of multiple cells billions of cells amiba is only one cell so amiba will basically ensure or uh this amiba one of the strains of amiba the name of this amiba is negeria flowy please memorize this negia flowy this strain of amiba when it will enter into let's say the human body I'll tell you how it will enter when it will enter into the human body will cause right basically a disease or it will lead to the primary Amic meno entis this is also referred to as a brain eating amiba earlier also this was there in the newspaper but why it is mentioned today in either Delhi Edition or even the international Edition it is mentioned because the state of Kerala has become the first state in India to come out with a standard operating procedure that is how do you test for it what kind of treatment you will provide what kind of Diagnostics you will provide etc etc the Sops have been provided by the state of Kerala this is the first instance in it in India now why this is so important please understand the p is very fatle it is very fatle in large number of cases when people will be infected by this virus in large number of cases in inevitably they die that's a reason it's very very fatal and how does this happen basically this amiba is present in warm fresh water Bodies Warm fresh water bodies please memorize this such as Lakes such as ponds and when people keep on jumping for example if you are swimming in a pool and somebody dives into a pool lot of water will Splash and some of the water will also enter into your nose that is nasal area and that's a reason understand the argument here many experts say that annually on a regular basis we come in contact with this virus but only when the virus enters into the nasal area into the deeper parts of the nasal area it will get itself attached into that particular part and move through the cells which are present and directly infect the brain cells directly eat away or the kill the brain cells and that's a reason the brain activity is affected whenever you contract the primary Amic meno entis now what is the argument which has been put forward here the experts say that in such cases ensure that ensure that in these particular cities or in these areas there is no standing water the swimming pools are cleanly maintained right if you have had a contact with these kind of water bodies in the last 14 days and you show the symptoms get yourself checked and understand the another point as well because the Fatal rate is very high you realize that you are contracted with this at a very later stage the death rates are very high and that's the reason there is no standard procedure for treatment here in many of the cases the medicines that are used please remember this is Mosin in addition to this they also use aiyin they use Mot and they also use refampin they generally use a combination combination of multiple let's say the drugs antibiotics Etc right and now some of you ask sir should we memorize this I would simply say try to remember these suddenly in the preliminary examination this kind of a question can be asked by upsc right so these are the two very important articles regarding one amiba and the second one virus both associated with science and technology I'll give you two assignments McQ assignment number one consider the following statements Nipa virus disease is a type of zuntic disease zootic diseases are always caused by virus first statement is easier second statement is slightly tricky what is the right answer do let me know in the comment section this is assignment number one assignment number two consider the following statements regarding neelia negia fower it can be found in lakes ponds seas and oceans it is a single cell amiba it is contagious and spreads from one person to another these are the three statements you'll have to find out how many of the statements are correct so these are the two assignments do both of them let me go to the next article bail cannot be denied on grounds of serious charges a Supreme Court ruling regarding the bail conditions now this ruling has been issued have a look at this this ruling has been issued by Justice pivala and Justice buan Justin Justice perala and Justice and this is not the first time that regarding the bail certain order has been issued in fact in this case they refer to an earlier case in the year 2012 where again there was a ruling by the Supreme Court of India regarding bail application itself and in the last couple of days itself there was one more instance in another case again the same bench has issued an order regarding Bill what are the arguments which have been put put forward in all the three cases let's try and understand Point number one let's say somebody has been booked under certain provisions of act let's say such as unlawful activities prevention act uapa which are very stringent very strict Provisions in fact under uapa one of the provision states that if the judge feels that there is there is a prima phasing evidence if the judge feels that there's a prima evidence then the judge can simply deny bail to the applicant but Supreme Court of India in various instances very recently has taken a different Viewpoint regarding the bail application even though even though somebody has been charged under very stringent or very strict Provisions Supreme Court of India says Point number one if the state delays if the state that is the government delays right basically providing their argument conducting the case or representing the case in the court in such cases we cannot simply hold the under trial we cannot simply hold this particular person who has been booked under the law for longer period of time reason being the person also has a fundamental right under article 21 so we will weigh the provisions of under article 21 or provision of article 21 against what has been the duration for which the person has been held in the court is the state delaying providing its case does it have let's say sufficient resources to conduct the case present the case in the court in such cases we will always rule in favor of the petitioner we will rule in the favor of the person who has been held in the jail for multiple years and trust me when I say this there have been multiple instances where people have been held in jail under these provisions of UAP uapa for more than 8 years more than 9 years Etc there have been instances so Supreme Court says article 21 will have more weightage compared to the provisions although the charges might be very severe charges might be very let's say very serious Supreme Court says if the charges are so serious yes I'm going to the point number two don't you think that is basically the argument to conduct the proceedings much faster close the case much faster provide inputs provide the proof regarding the uh let's say the petitioner much faster in such cases so that is the second argument third very important argument third very important argument is whenever bail is supposed to be provided the conditions which are import osed should not be very severe they use a term freakish the judge has used a term freakish the conditions which are imposed when we are supposed to give a bail the conditions should not be very strict should not be very freakish for example in the earlier order earlier judgment the Supreme Court observed that if the person who is supposed to get a bail is supposed to keep on providing information on regular basis is supposed to be tracked by the law of officials Etc then it will be violation of privacy of the person the person is supposed to have certain privacy now if you keep a track of the person wherever the person goes what he does right etc etc that will lead to violation of privacy of the person so these are some of the things that have been observed and issued in the form of order or the Judgment by Supreme Court of India regarding bail applications right so I've written a statement here the decision of the Supreme Court reinforces the principle that regardless of the stringency of the penal statutes indefinite refusal of the baill is unacceptable right so this is an article regarding the supreme court order make a note of this next article India's government exports War are self-inflicted a report has been published what is the discussion here listen to me carefully government of India wants to promote more and more exports and Within These exports one such export is a textile export and the importance of the textile export is that it is labor intensive is it okay it is a labor intensive what is the meaning of the term labor intensive it creates it generates lot of jobs it generates a lot of jobs Point number two if you see the data of let's say textile exports what has happened to the textile exports from India compare it with other competitors the report says that India's exports which were around $15 billion around $15 billion in 2013 and 2014 they have stagnated they are around 14.5 billion in 23 and 24 but if you look at the data for other countries such as Bangladesh such as Vietnam China the exports of the textiles from these countries is much much higher compared to that of India the data says India's exports have stagnated stood at around $1 14.5 billion in the year 23 and 24 look at in case of Vietnam in case of Vietnam for the four for the same duration 134 to 23 and 24 the exports have increased by more than 80% and they have reached to 33 billion dollar now in Bangladesh exports have increased by 70% and they have reached $438 billion and in case of china the exports are more than 100 billion so now the question arises why is it that India's exports in the textile sector are not improving according to our expectations but other countries exports are very very high it's not that government of India has not taken any initiative to promote textile exports in fact back in the year 2021 government announced a initiative plii production linked incentive PL stands for production linked incentive for textile sector but the amount that was announced and for what it was provided for what kind of textile products it was cover it was provided there were limitations the P of 10,680 plus crores 10,680 plus crores was announced for man-made fibers and Technical fibers MMF and TF so these were the kind of textile products which are covered under PL but many experts argued that we should go beyond this we should cover many other types of textile as well under the pl for example there is a rising demand that we should include cotton as well cotton textiles under PL which is not done by the government and not only this in fact after the announcement once you look at the condition which were imposed the investment conditions the turnover conditions were very strict and that is a precise reason despite reopening the application window I repeat despite reopening reopening in the sense once the applications were called government was not satisfied looking at the number of applications again the window for applications was reopened the number of applicants is very low dismal that's a reason various experts are saying India's textile products textile exports are not competitive enough Point number one point number two you require raw materials correct you require raw materials and when you require raw materials which are supposed to be imported easier the access to the Imports more easily you'll be able to import produce sell either in the domestic Market or in the external Market one of the concern that has been raised regarding textile sector is that the government has imposed a lot of restrictions regarding raw materials for example there is a order called as a quality control order qco very very famous used very frequently by the government regarding Imports to Curel Imports so government has imposed a quality control order where generally you need to get a certificate prove your quality and only then you'll be allowed to import and this the author says or in the report it says this has actually led to delayed inputs and the cost of imports have actually gone up and in many of the cases the importers rather than importing have actually substituted have actually shifted to a local product which is much more costlier and as a result of this the cost cost of production has increased the cost of manufacturing has increased exports have lost out competitiveness and when you compare this with other countries Vietnam China Bangladesh their exporters do not face such an issue and not only this the report also mentions the methodology that is followed by the dgft the director general for foreign trade the methodology that is issued uh used us the documentation that these exporters have to provide the proof that they have to provide all of this is very cumbersome process very lengthy process and it takes a toll on the exporters to do all of this as a result the report says India's exports of textiles have not increased rather if you look at other countries instead of this if you look at other countries their exports have actually increased so these are some of the very important things which are discussed in the report published by GT regarding India's garment exports now let me go to the next article India is moving ahead with vision of development and Heritage right Prime Minister Modi has made this made this particular statement now what are the important points here Point number one there is a convention there is a global convention by the the name of world heritage convention world heritage convention the world heritage convention there is within this there is a conference that is basically a group of 21 members a group of 21 members who are elected who are elected in the UNESCO general assembly in the UNESCO General assembly these 21 member countries form Heritage committee that is world heritage committee the world heritage committee meets once every year whhc meets once every year and takes certain decisions right I'll show you what kind of work is done by whc but more importantly out of the 21 members currently India is one of them out of these 21 members who are part of the UNESCO or who are elected within members of UNESCO General Assembly India is one of them apart from India if you ask me sir who are the other members you can have a look at this particular listing here right these are the 21 members India is one of them but more importantly please understand the conference which is going to which which has started now right the conference which has started it is the 46th conference it is the 46th conference and India has not been elected for the first time within this 21 member grouping as such within this 21 member grouping this is not the first time that India has been elected back in the year 1985 it was elected it was a member till 1991 back in the year 2001 it was elected was a member till 2007 in 2011 it was elected it was member in till 2015 it has been elected for the fourth time now it has been elected for the fourth time as a member of the parties of countries 21 countries and it will be a member from the year 2021 to 2025 four years 2021 to 2025 but more importantly this conference or this let's say the committee world heritage committee what kind of work they do what is the importance of this committee to identify based on the nominations that is the member countries will nominate the sites which can be identified under this to identify based on the nominations submitted by the parties cultural natural properties of outstanding Universal values which are to be protected under the convention to monitor the state of conservation of pro properties which are part of world heritage list and in case of funding requirement right they will also provide the funding financing by using world heritage fund so these are some of the very important functions which are conducted by the uh the committee as such but more importantly please remember this in India or from India so far 42 world heritage sites are there in the list from India 42 world heritage sit sites are listed now 43rd is included and this is the first one from the Northeastern State as such please remember this this is the first one from the Northeastern State and the name of this right is basically the the 43rd is basically the just a second it is mentioned here 43rd is North from the first one from the Northeastern State maam right maidam maam or modam maidam and what is this maam I'll show you a picture here maam is a mound it is basically a burial site maidam is a mound and remember this maam is known right because of the a home Dynasty because of a home Dynasty a home Dynasty comes from and it is basically a burial system the Kings and the Queens from the a dynasty have been buried here and this is basically called as maam or mam right so this will be the 43rd to be included in the list and the first one from the northeastern part of India now why why this kind of articles are important if you look at the prelims examination which was conducted very recently there was one question regarding airports in India I hope you have seen that there is one question regarding airports in India the reason why these why this particular question was asked because of the airport that was inaugurated by the Prime Minister last year in the northeastern part and that's a reason even this kind of article or let's say the concept of a maom a home Dynasty the burial mounts Etc again are very very fertile ground of upsc questions as such so be very careful be aware of these kinds of UNESCO world heritage sites done so these are the various questions as well as the articles that I wanted to discuss with you people from today's edition International edition of the Hindu newspaper if you like this initiative hit the like button and do not forget to subscribe to a YouTube channel we want to make this channel as a onstop destination for all of your current affairs requirements and as already mentioned today at 12:00 p.m. we will have the sixth class of economy for beginners in addition to that we have lined up lot of initiatives to explain to you to make you understand what is what are the announcements in the budget what are the expectations from the upcoming budget as 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