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Name two elements from Group 16 (Chalcogens) and their typical ionic charge.
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Oxygen (O) and Sulfur (S), both typically form -2 charges.
Give an example of a transition metal and mention two of its possible oxidation states.
Iron (Fe), possible oxidation states +2 and +3.
Explain how to determine the number of neutrons in an isotope such as N-15.
Subtract the atomic number from the mass number: 15 (mass number) - 7 (atomic number) = 8 neutrons.
What are isotopes and give an example using Carbon.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, e.g., C-12 and C-13.
Explain the term 'inner transition metals' and give an example.
Inner transition metals are elements from the Lanthanide and Actinide series, e.g., Uranium (U).
Which group on the periodic table contains elements that are typically inert?
Group 18 (Noble Gases)
How do you distinguish between ionic and molecular compounds in terms of their composition?
Ionic compounds are made of metals and non-metals, while molecular compounds are composed of non-metals only.
Name a molecular compound and describe its composition.
Carbon dioxide (CO2), composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms.
What is the difference between an atom and a molecule?
Atoms are single units of elements, while molecules are composed of two or more atoms.
Provide the name for the ionic compound K3PO4.
Potassium phosphate
What is the common property of elements in Group 17 (Halogens) regarding their ion charges?
They typically form -1 charges.
Identify two metalloids and describe their general properties.
Silicon (Si) and Germanium (Ge); they have properties in-between metals and non-metals.
What is the Roman numeral system used for in naming ionic compounds involving transition metals?
To denote the charge of the transition metal, e.g., Iron(II) Chloride for FeCl2.
What charge do ions from Group 1 (Alkaline Metals) typically form?
+1
Describe the electron configuration for Al-27 with a 3+ charge.
13 protons, 14 neutrons, 10 electrons.
How do you write the formula for an ionic compound consisting of Calcium and Iodine?
CaI2 (Calcium iodide)
What prefixes would you use to write the molecular compound PCl5?
Phosphorus pentachloride
What are polyatomic ions and give an example?
Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that carry a charge, e.g., SO4^(2-) (Sulfate).
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