Anatomy and Physiology Key Terms Lecture

Introduction

• Presented by Dr. Mike Today Rich
• Focus on understanding key medical terms in anatomy and physiology
• Learning involves a new language with Latin and Greek roots
• Discuss four important points to understand anatomical terminology

Key Points

1. Anatomical Position

   • Standard reference position in anatomy
   • Position Details:
     • Feet shoulder-width apart
     • Eyes facing forward
     • Hands by the side, palms facing forward

2. Regional Terms of the Body

   • Axial Component: Head, neck, and trunk
   • Appendicular Component: Limbs
   • Regional Breakdown:
     • Head: Cephalic region (cephalo = head)
     • Neck: Cervical region (cervical = neck)
     • Thoracic: Between neck and diaphragm, contains heart and lungs
     • Abdominal: Below diaphragm, contains gastrointestinal tract
     • Pelvic: Contains genitourinary tract
     • Limbs: Upper (arms) and lower extremities (legs)
       • Hands: Manus
       • Feet: Pes
   • Sub-Regions:
     • Upper Leg: Femoral region
     • Upper Arm: Brachial region

3. Directional Terms

   • Describe anatomical locations in reference to other parts
   • Terms and Descriptions:
     • Anterior: Towards the front
     • Posterior: Towards the back
     • Ventral: Toward the belly
     • Dorsal: Toward the back
     • Superior: Toward the head
     • Inferior: Away from the head
     • Medial: Toward the midline
     • Lateral: Away from the midline
     • Proximal: Closer to the site of attachment
     • Distal: Further from the site of attachment
     • Superficial: Closer to the surface
     • Deep: Away from the surface

4. Planes and Sections

   • Invisible lines dividing the body into sections
   • Types of Planes:
     • Mid-Sagittal Plane: Divides body into equal left and right sections
     • Para-Sagittal Plane: Divides body into unequal left and right sections
     • Coronal (Frontal) Plane: Divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections
     • Transverse Plane: Divides body into superior (above) and inferior (below) sections

Conclusion

• Covered essential terminology for anatomy and physiology
• Understanding these terms is crucial for studying anatomical structure and function