Classification of Matter

Introduction

• Matter can be classified into:
  • Mixtures
  • Pure Substances

Pure Substances

• Element: Found on the periodic table (e.g., Oxygen, Carbon)
• Compound: Two or more elements bonded together (e.g., H₂O)
  • Example: Oxygen + Hydrogen = H₂O (compound)

Mixtures

Types of Mixtures

• Heterogeneous Mixtures
  • Not evenly mixed; separate parts visible
  • Types:
    • Basic Heterogeneous Mixture
      • Easily seen parts (e.g., Granite, Vegetable soup, Sand)
    • Suspension
      • Particles settle out (sink or float)
      • Examples: Muddy water, Orange juice with pulp, Oil and vinegar
    • Colloid
      • Particles do not settle, scatter light (Tyndall effect)
      • Examples: Milk, Whipped cream, Gelatin, Fog
• Homogeneous Mixtures (Solutions)
  • Evenly mixed; parts not visible
  • Also known as Solutions
  • Examples: Kool-Aid, Cranberry juice, Sodas, Salt water, Metal alloys, Air

Components of Homogeneous Mixtures

• Solvent: Substance that dissolves others
  • Water is known as the "universal solvent"
• Solute: Substance that gets dissolved
  • Examples: Salt, Sugar, Tea, Coffee

Quiz Review

• Lasagna: Mixture (Heterogeneous, Basic)
• Air: Homogeneous mixture (Solution)
• Calcium: Element
• Sugar: Compound
• Coffee: Homogeneous mixture (Solution)
• Water: Compound
• Blood: Heterogeneous mixture (Suspension)
• Toothpaste: Heterogeneous mixture (Basic)
• Baking Soda: Compound

Conclusion

• Review vocabulary related to classification of matter.
• Practice using terms in quizzes and class activities.