Philippine Arts and Traditions

Overview

• Philippines reflects its people's history and traditions.
• Diverse art forms from various regions.
• Integration of art forms showcases cultural abundance.
• Continuous evolution into contemporary art.
• Importance of knowledge about different art forms for understanding culture and identity.

Major Traditions of Philippine Arts

1. Ethnic Tradition

   • Indigenous arts existed before colonization.
   • Art influenced by geographical location and ancestral experiences.
   • Integral to life; reflects pagan beliefs, daily activities (e.g., fishing, farming).
   • Key Examples:
     • Angono Petroglyphs:
       • Discovered by National Artist Carlos Botong Francisco in 1965.
       • Features 127 human and animal figures, dating back to late Neolithic period.
     • Manunggul Jar:
       • Found in Manongol Cave in early 1960s.
       • Burial jar signifying belief in life after death.
     • Banga Dance:
       • Performance of the Kalinga of Mountain Province.
       • Showcases grace and strength of women.

2. Spanish Colonial Tradition

   • Art influenced primarily by religion and secularization.
   • Used to propagate Catholic faith.
   • Key Examples:
     • Langit Lupa by Joseph Luciano Dance:
       • Wall painting in Saint James the Apostle Church, Paete, Laguna (1850).
       • Depicts Heaven, Earth, and Hell.
     • Saint Paul Metropolitan Cathedral:
       • Located in Vigan City; original structure built in 1574.
       • Baroque architectural design.

3. American Colonial and Contemporary Arts Tradition

   • Modern Art (1860s - 1960s):

     • Focus on national identity.
     • Key Examples:
       • Philippine Flag by Fernando Amorsolo:
         • Reflects traditions and customs of Filipinos.
       • Bayanihan by Carlos Botong Francisco:
         • Mural painting dated 1962; showcases Filipino bayanihan tradition.

   • Contemporary Art (1970s - Present):

     • Mirrors contemporary culture and society.
     • Diverse emerging art practices.
     • Key Examples:
       • Cinco Marias Tres Marias Series by Federico Aguilar Alcuaz:
         • Depicts variety of domestic activities.
       • Art Installation in Sand Dunes of Pawai by Leroy New:
         • Made for La Milagrosa Festival in Ilocos Norte.
         • Symbolizes great festivals, feasts, and celebrations.

Conclusion

• Various art forms contribute to the identity of the Philippines.
• Knowledge of these art forms is crucial for appreciating the country's culture and tradition.