Overview
This lecture covers early American colonial history, focusing on the roles of religion, self-governance, and key historical figures and documents in New England and other colonies.
Early Exploration and Colonization
- Christopher Columbus sailed in 1492 seeking glory and God, marking the start of European exploration in America.
- Colonization goals included religious freedom, economic gain, and expansion for the United Kingdom.
Establishment of Colonies
- Jamestown, Virginia, was established as the first permanent English settlement in America.
- The Church of England was the official church in several colonies, including Jamestown.
- Maryland was also influenced by the Church of England.
Colonial Governance
- The House of Burgesses in Virginia was the first representative legislative assembly in America.
- Self-governance became important through elected bodies and compacts.
Key Figures and Contributions
- John White served as an early American governor.
- Important leaders included George Washington, Patrick Henry, and Thomas Jefferson.
- Roger Williams founded Rhode Island for religious freedom.
- Thomas Hooker helped found Connecticut for self-governance.
The Mayflower Compact
- The Mayflower Compact was an agreement to form a self-governing colony, pledging submission to laws and the authority of King James.
- Pilgrims agreed all colonists must obey the law for the good of the colony.
Colonial Geography
- Colonies included Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Maryland, and Virginia.
- There were islands and various weather challenges affecting early exploration.
Key Terms & Definitions
- House of Burgesses — the first representative legislative assembly in the American colonies.
- Church of England — the official state church in several English colonies.
- Mayflower Compact — an early agreement for self-government by the Pilgrims.
- Pilgrims — settlers seeking religious freedom who established Plymouth Colony.
- Self-governance — the right of colonists to govern themselves through elected representatives.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review the foundations of colonial governance and the importance of religious influence.
- Read about the Mayflower Compact and the House of Burgesses for further understanding.