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Network Types and Technologies

Sep 9, 2025

Overview

This lecture introduces network types, explains how devices connect in Local and Wide Area Networks, and compares wired and wireless networking technologies, including Bluetooth and NFC.

Introduction to Networks

  • Networks connect computer systems to enable communication and resource sharing within an office or around the world.
  • Local Area Networks (LANs) connect devices in the same building, such as offices or homes.

Local and Wide Area Networks

  • LANs allow computers, servers, and printers in one location to communicate.
  • Wide Area Networks (WANs) connect multiple LANs over different locations and provide internet connectivity.
  • Connecting a LAN to a WAN enables global communications via the internet.

Wired Network Connections

  • Wired networks use ethernet cables plugged into network jacks for device connectivity.
  • Ethernet cables commonly use RJ-45 connectors, which have eight copper pins and wires.
  • RJ-11 connectors, with six pins, are typically used for traditional landline telephones.
  • Wired networks offer high speed but require physical cables between devices.

Wireless Network Technologies

  • WiFi provides wireless LAN connectivity for devices like smartphones and laptops within a building.
  • Wireless connections are more convenient for mobility but may not match the speed of wired connections.

Personal and Short-Range Networks

  • Bluetooth creates Personal Area Networks (PANs) for connecting peripherals (e.g., headsets) within about 10 meters.
  • Near Field Communication (NFC) enables very short-range wireless connections, commonly used for payments and access control.
  • Bluetooth and NFC are not general-purpose network types for many computers.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • LAN (Local Area Network) — Connects devices in a single physical location.
  • WAN (Wide Area Network) — Links LANs over broader geographical areas and provides internet access.
  • Ethernet Cable/RJ-45 Connector — Standard cable and connector type for wired network connections; RJ-45 has 8 pins.
  • RJ-11 Connector — Smaller, 6-pin connector used for telephones.
  • WiFi — Wireless technology for LANs.
  • Bluetooth — Short-range wireless technology for personal area networks.
  • PAN (Personal Area Network) — Network for personal device connectivity, usually via Bluetooth.
  • NFC (Near Field Communication) — Technology for close-proximity, wireless communication.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review differences between LAN, WAN, PAN, and wireless technologies.
  • Be able to identify RJ-45 and RJ-11 connectors by function and appearance.