Canada's Last 100 Days of World War I

Overview

• November 11, 1918, marked the end of Canada's 100 days campaign resulting in German surrender.
• The period was characterized by intense and bloody battles.
• Significant sacrifices were made by Canadian troops.

Private George Lawrence Price

• Last Canadian soldier killed in the war, shot by a sniper minutes before the armistice at 10.50 a.m.
• Was conscripted in December 1917, previously a farm laborer.
• Part of over 24,000 conscripted under the Military Service Act 1917.
• This act led to riots in Quebec.

The Role of Conscripts

• Essential for maintaining the strength of the Canadian Corps during the Hundred Days Campaign.
• Arrived just in time to reinforce Canadian troops who suffered heavy casualties in 1917.

The Challenge of Trench Warfare

• Fighting in France and Belgium turned into a trench warfare stalemate.
• Casualties escalated as the Germans pushed Allies close to Paris in early 1918.

Canadian Troops' Reputation

• Known as the shock troops of the British Empire.
• Commanded by Canadian General Arthur Currie.

The Hundred Days Campaign

Battle of Amiens

• A surprise offensive on August 8, 1918, led by Canadians advanced 20 kilometers in three days.
• No preliminary artillery bombardment was used to confuse Germans.
• Called "Black Day" by German commanders due to its effectiveness.
• 12,000 Canadian casualties.

Drocourt-Queant Line

• September 2: Canadians broke through this line, preceding the Hindenburg line.

Subsequent Battles

• Captured Cambrai and reached Canal de la Sanseille by October 11.

Outcomes

• Canadians captured 130 kilometers, 32,000 prisoners, and 3,800 German weapons.
• Suffered 45,000 casualties.
• Their efforts helped define Canada as a nation.

Legacy and Remembrance

• Actions of Canadian soldiers, both volunteers and conscripts, are recognized today.
• Central to Remembrance Day ceremonies in Ottawa.
• The war memorial features statues known as the Great Response of Canada, symbolizing the contribution of Canadian troops.

Conclusion

• The actions during Canada’s 100 days were pivotal in ending World War I and are remembered as a significant part of Canadian history.