Simple Nursing Lecture: Analgesics Overview

Introduction

• Presenter: Nurse Mike from SimpleNursing.com
• Reminder to check out SimpleNursing.com’s new NCLEX app product.

Types of Analgesics

1. Non-Opioids
   • Non-sedating
   • Include NSAIDs and Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
   • Have antipyretic (anti-fever) effects
   • NSAIDs have anti-inflammatory effects
   • Do not depress the CNS (central nervous system)
2. Opioids
   • Sedating, CNS depressants
   • Cause "low and slow" vital signs (heart, lungs, brain)
   • No anti-inflammatory or antipyretic properties

NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)

• Used for mild to moderate pain
• Acronym: NSAIC
  • N: Naproxen (most common NSAID for NCLEX)
  • S: Salicylate Acid (Aspirin)
  • A: Acetyl Salicylic Acid (Aspirin)
  • I: Ibuprofen & Indomethacin
  • K: Ketorolac (Toradol) - can be given IV

Indications:

• Fever reduction (antipyretic)
• Anti-inflammation (used in gout, arthritis, RA)

Mechanism of Action:

• Decreases prostaglandin response
• Decreases platelet aggregation (Aspirin increases bleed risk)

Risks & Side Effects

• Acronym: NSAIDs
  • N: Not good for entire body (GI bleeds, bronchospasm, hypertension, kidney issues, blood clots)
  • S: Sticky blood (thrombosis risk)
  • A: Asthma risk (bronchospasm)

Key Points:

• Never take two NSAIDs simultaneously
• Use the lowest dose for the shortest time possible
• Increased risk of clots (e.g., MI, stroke, DVTs, PEs)
• Aspirin is unique and used for blood thinning in cardiac patients

Important Tips for Exams

• NSAIDs are not safe for asthma (bronchospasm and nasal polyps)
• Common questions in exams regarding safe use in patients with asthma