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Storage Cables 27

Oct 24, 2025

Overview

This lecture explains the SATA interface for connecting internal and external hard drives in desktop computers, covering versions, connectors, and basic installation steps.

SATA Versions and Speeds

  • SATA stands for Serial AT Attachment, a common interface for internal hard drives.
  • SATA Revision 1.0 supports 1.5 Gbps; 2.0 supports 3 Gbps; 3.0 supports 6 Gbps; 3.2 supports 16 Gbps.
  • eSATA is an external SATA version supporting external drives up to 2 meters away.

SATA Connectors and Cabling

  • SATA drives use two connectors: a 15-pin power connector and a 7-pin data connector.
  • Some drives may support both SATA power and older Molex power connectors.
  • Each SATA drive has a direct one-to-one connection with the motherboard using separate cables for data and power.
  • SATA does not support daisy chaining; one port connects to one device only.
  • The number of SATA ports on a motherboard equals the number of supported drives.

Identifying and Using SATA Ports

  • SATA connectors on motherboards are typically located near the bottom and are easily identified.
  • Motherboards may have different arrangements and colors for SATA connectors (e.g., SATA 2 and SATA 3).
  • Connect the data cable from the SATA port on the motherboard to the drive; connect a separate power cable from the power supply.

Internal vs External SATA Connections

  • Internal SATA and external eSATA use different connectors; signal is the same, but shapes differ.
  • SATA connectors have a distinctive L-shape, while eSATA connectors are physically different.
  • eSATA cables cannot be used in SATA ports and vice versa.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • SATA — Serial AT Attachment, an interface for connecting storage devices inside computers.
  • eSATA — External SATA, a version of SATA for connecting external drives.
  • Molex — An older power connector sometimes supported by hard drives for power.
  • One-to-one relationship — Each SATA port connects directly to a single drive.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Identify SATA and eSATA ports on your computer and cables you may need.
  • Practice connecting a SATA drive using both data and power cables.