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What is diffusion in the context of matter?
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Diffusion is the mixing of one substance into another.
Why does surface cooling occur during evaporation?
Surface cooling occurs because the particles with higher kinetic energy leave the surface, reducing the temperature of the remaining liquid.
Rank solids, liquids, and gases in order of force of attraction between particles.
Solids have the maximum force of attraction, followed by liquids, and gases have the least.
What is the definition of matter in chemistry?
Matter has mass and occupies space.
What is the latent heat of fusion?
The latent heat of fusion is the heat required to change a solid into a liquid.
What is dry ice and how is it stored?
Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide and is stored under high pressure to maintain its solid form.
What factors affect evaporation?
Temperature, surface area, humidity, and wind speed.
Describe the states of matter in terms of shape and compressibility.
Solids have a fixed shape and are non-compressible; liquids can adapt their shape and are less compressible; gases have no fixed shape and are highly compressible.
How does pressure affect the state of matter?
Reducing pressure can change solids into gases, and increasing pressure can change gases into liquids.
What is the fourth state of matter and give an example?
Plasma is the fourth state of matter; an example is the sun or a neon sign board.
How can you show that there is space between particles of matter?
By dissolving sugar in water, demonstrating the space between sugar and water particles.
What are Bose-Einstein condensates?
Bose-Einstein condensates are created by cooling a gas to temperatures very close to absolute zero, forming a new state of matter.
What causes the movement of particles in matter?
The movement of particles is due to kinetic energy.
Give an example demonstrating that matter has tiny particles.
Potassium permanganate crystals spreading color in water.
What changes occur in the state of matter due to temperature?
Solid to liquid (fusion), liquid to gas (vaporization), gas to liquid (condensation), liquid to solid (solidification), solid to gas (sublimation), and gas to solid (deposition).
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