Module 5: Coping with Stress in Middle and Late Adolescence

Objectives

• Understand stress and its sources during adolescence.
• Identify ways to cope with stress for a healthy life.
• Illustrate the effects of stress on the system.
• Demonstrate personal ways to cope with stress.

Definition of Stress

• Stress is described as an emotional factor causing bodily or mental tension.
• Common feelings associated with stress include anxiety, pressure, misery, rejection, tension, anger, and desperation.

Positive vs. Negative Emotions

• Positive Emotions: Joy, elation, ecstasy do not typically cause stress.
• Negative Emotions: Such as anxiety, fear, and anger often trigger stress.

Causes of Stress

• Anxiety: Fear of negative outcomes, e.g., getting sick during a pandemic.
• Pressure: Academic and personal expectations may lead to stress.
• Misery: Past negative experiences causing ongoing distress.
• Rejection: Feelings of unacceptance from others can increase stress levels.
• Tension: Conflicts at home or with peers lead to emotional strain.
• Desperation: Feeling of hopelessness following breakups or losses.

Effects of Prolonged Stress

• Can lead to burnout, mental breakdown, and depression.
• Stress impacts physical health and emotional well-being.

Personal Anecdote

• Personal experiences shared regarding how stress can manifest in daily life and personal relationships.

Coping Strategies

1. Exercise: Physical activity helps alleviate stress.
2. Pet Interaction: Spending time with pets can promote feelings of love and reduce stress.
3. Music and Meditation: Listening to uplifting music and meditative practices can distract from stress.
4. Taking Breaks: Short naps or breaks can help in stress management.
5. Avoiding Substance Use: Drugs and alcohol can increase stress levels.
6. Talk About It: Sharing feelings and concerns with others can provide relief.
7. Recognize When Help is Needed: Seek professional help if stress becomes overwhelming.

Richard Lazarus' Appraisal Theory

• Primary Appraisal: Assessing the significance of a stressor.
• Secondary Appraisal: Evaluating coping options available to deal with the stress.

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) by Hans Selye

1. Alarm Stage: Initial reaction to stress.
2. Resistance Stage: Body tries to cope with the ongoing stress.
3. Exhaustion Stage: Prolonged stress leads to depletion of resources.

Conclusion

• Managing stress is crucial for maintaining mental and physical health during adolescence.
• Recognizing stressors and employing coping strategies can lead to healthier outcomes.