the types of solar eclipse okay so again I'm gonna draw sorry the Sun really really big and I'm gonna draw the earth right here I'm gonna push it back a little bit there's the earth but now I'm gonna draw the moon in the picture and it turns out that the moon like we said has a much smaller shadow but it has the same parts to it so right behind the moon you have the darkest part of its shadow which is the Umbra okay and around that you have the penumbra I'm just gonna write a P for penumbra so that means check this out in the lunar eclipse the whole moon can fit inside of one part of the Earth's shadow okay but the earth doesn't fit in the moon shadow and that's gonna be different check this out that means that if you if this was what was happening on one given day if you're standing in here you have it you can see an eclipse but the people that are standing right here they won't get an eclipse so when a solar eclipse happens you have to be standing in the right place in order to see it so not everybody gets to see that Eclipse whereas for a lunar eclipse everybody on the whole back side of the earth gets to see a lunar eclipse when it happens that's another reason that it's a lot easier to see a loon klipsch and in fact if you stand in one part of the shadow you'll see one kind of Eclipse and if you see if you stand in a different part of the shadow you see a different kind of Eclipse so some people are asking what you could see in Florida a couple of years ago let me get to that in one second I'll address that in just a second so here we go actually here you go here's where we were in Florida last time we were having an eclipse last and let's call this location one if you were standing right here right there that's roughly where a Florida was during the last solar eclipse we were right here in the penumbra okay now check it out if you're standing here in the penumbra if you look straight up you can see part of the Sun but the moon is blocking your view of another part of the Sun so that means if you're standing in the penumbra only part of the Sun will be blocked and so we'll call it a partial solar eclipse and that's what we saw in Florida during the last solar eclipse was the entire Sun blocked out no only part of it it looked like the Sun had a bite taken out of it and it got a little bit darker because some of the sunlight was being blocked okay so a partial solar eclipse is going to have part of the Sun blocked out and as that solar eclipse is happening you can see that Bight move across the Sun however that's not what everybody saw right it's not what everyone's I got pretty dark right it got it got like evening level of darkness yeah but if you were up in say North Carolina um roughly around there you would have been standing directly in the Umbra during that solar eclipse so let's put location 2 is in the Umbra okay and if you're standing in the Umbra how much of the Sun is gonna get blocked if you're standing in the Umbra how much of the Sun gets blocked all of it yes so we're gonna call that a total solar eclipse okay so a total solar eclipse is what you see if you're standing in the Umbra so that means that two people at the same exact time could see two different kinds of eclipses if they were standing in different parts of this shadow okay and if all of the Sun is blocked that means it's gonna get a lot darker outside so people in North Carolina it basically looked like night when the solar eclipse was happening when the Sun went full totally blocked however that doesn't mean that the Sun just disappears okay you probably saw pictures of this but let me get the picture from your book back so here right there that's what we saw in Florida it was a partially blocked Sun right but if you look up there at the very top that's what the Sun looks like during a total solar eclipse suddenly this big hazy cloud appears around the Sun when the Sun gets completely blocked out and you can actually see here here's a set of pictures taken during a total solar eclipse and you can see the bite get bigger and bigger and bigger and bigger and then as soon as it completely blocks the Sun you see this booth this big cloud of gas right there okay and then it disappears when it goes back out again here's another picture the same thing this is a total solar eclipse now does the Sun know that it's being blocked no so it's not like the Sun just shoots out this stuff when the when the eclipse happens right it's not a weird effect like that so what is happening okay what is happening in this situation um well first of all there's a name for this there's a name for this stuff right here it's called the corona okay it's called the corona which uh unfortunate name right now it is the corona just like you know the thing why do we call it the corona why would we call this the corona say I know what Corona means it's been in the news recently so they've been talking about this yeah it means crown it means crown so in Latin based languages it there's a usually a word like that that means crown so hundreds and hundreds of years ago people said hey that sort of looks like the the Sun like we're looking down on the top of the Suns head and this is like a crown around its head right yeah sorta I guess this sorta kinda looks yeah whatever that's just a part of the Sun that's just a part of the Sun that is always there right so why is it that we can only see it when the Sun gets blocked why is it that we can only see the corona if it's there all the time why can we only see it when this happens kind of related to something we just talked about yeah the moon is basically helping us so don't look in the Sun don't look at the Sun but if you do look at the Sun what does the Sun look like when you look at the Sun why don't you want to look at the Sun why why would it make you go blind right why would it make you go blind was the Sun not a good idea to look at it's very well here you don't overthink this it's because it's too bright right the Sun is too bright so the main part of the Sun the Sun the part of the Sun that's being blocked by the moon right here is so so so bright that your eyes can't adjust to it and it makes it so that this dimmer part of the Sun doesn't normally you can't see it it's too dim compared to this part of the Sun right so it's just the same as not being able to see the red light on a partial lunar eclipse that Corona is too dim compared to the rest of the Sun for your eyes to normally see it but when this part gets blocked out now you can see the corona now don't get me wrong though if there's another solar eclipse happening and you go to see the total solar eclipse should you look at the corona should you look at this should you look at this during that total solar eclipse a lot of good jokes happening down there is it a good idea to look at that corona no a lot of people get the wrong idea when people say that the corona is dimmer than the Sun the Sun is really bright right so that means the corona even though it's dimmer than the rest of the Sun is still really bright if you look at the corona you can go blind in less than a second or even if you don't go completely blind you could have a fuzzy blind spot in the direct middle of your vision if it doesn't wipe out the whole thing so no matter where you look you'd always see a blind spot directly in front of you so you don't want to look at that now somebody said my teacher told me to look at the Sun today I did not tell you to look at the Sun do not look at the Sun it's a bad idea don't sue me when you go blind don't sue the school I told you not to look at the Sun so we're not rely we're not liable for that okay do that look at the Sun yeah alright one last type of Eclipse one last type of Eclipse here we go to see the last type of eclipse where do you want to stand okay turns out to see the last type of solar eclipse you're gonna stand in the exact same place as the total solar eclipse so I'm just gonna put a three right here also which is a little bit confusing so the same place if you're standing directly behind the moon you're either going to see a total solar eclipse or you're gonna see an annular solar eclipse and you'll are okay now what is this what's an annular solar eclipse first of all this is not the word annual okay it's not annual okay it's a null Lord and you are okay does anybody happen to know what this part of the word means at all not a lot of people do hold that thought for a second it's gonna make sense in a second hold that thought here we go now here's my question what shape is our orbit around the Sun what shape is the Earth's orbit around the Sun it's not a circle what shape is it Kepler figured it out it's an ellipse right it's an oval shape the orbit of the earth is an ellipse so is the Sun always the same distance away from us is the Sun always the exact same distance away from us no right because we're moving around an oval the Sun is not always the same distance away from us okay now that's also true for the moon the moon's orbit around us is also an ellipse and so sometimes it's further away and sometimes it's closer okay now let's say that you're perfectly lined up behind the moon getting ready for a total solar eclipse but let's say on that particular day we happen to be a little bit closer to the Sun than usual if we're a little bit closer to the Sun than usual what would that do to the Sun in the sky if we're closer to the Sun than usual what's gonna happen to the size of the Sun in the sky what's gonna happen it'll be a little bit bigger right the Sun will be a little bit bigger in the sky so let's say we're ready for a total solar eclipse but because we're a little bit closer to the Sun than usual the Sun is gonna look bigger and let's say on that exact same day we happen to be a little bit further away from the moon than usual in that case the moon would look a little bit smaller than usual okay now in a total solar eclipse the moon perfectly covers the Sun but if on this day the Sun was bigger than usual and the moon was smaller than usual what's gonna happen if this if the moon is too small it won't completely cover the Sun and if that happens then the bright part of the Sun will stay visible okay and if the bright part of the Sun stays visible what will you not be able to see for that Eclipse if you don't get the entire bright part of the Sun covered by the moon what part won't you get to see what will you not get to see in that situation that you would get to see during the regular total solar eclipse yeah the corona the corona would not so you wouldn't see that yet that's true you wouldn't see the very center of the Sun but you also wouldn't get to see the corona because the corona only is visible if you completely block the rest of the Sun and in this case instead of getting a total solar eclipse you're gonna get this so here the moon is just not quite big enough to cover the full Sun because the distances are different and yeah we can't see the center but notice no corona and that's because this little part of the moon sorry of the Sun this little edge of the Sun is bright enough to blind your eyes to the corona okay so the corona is here you just can't see it and this is your annular solar eclipse okay and so what does annual mean it actually means ring okay so this word right here is just the ring shaped solar eclipse so can you never look at the Sun pretty much never look at the Sun the only time that it's somewhat safe to look at the Sun is right at sunrise and sunset because the Sun has lost a lot of its light to refraction it's a lot dimmer than usual but even then you got to be careful okay and I'm just gonna go ahead and say from me just never look at the Sun just never look at the Sun that's my recommendation just look at pictures of the Sun okay do not take medical advice from me no okay now yeah so if you have a hard time remembering what an annular solar eclipse is just remember that annular means ring okay and so during an annular solar eclipse it's a failed total eclipse where it looks like the Sun like the moon so much that it put a ring on it ah okay now here we go