Nutraceutical Activation of SIRT1: Key Points from the Lecture

Introduction to Longevity Enzymes

• SIRT1 and AMPK are critical enzymes for promoting longevity.
• SIRT1 can be inhibited by oxidative stress.

Activation of SIRT1

• Inhibiting Oxidative Stress: Helps activate SIRT1.
  • Antioxidants like magnesium, vitamin C, and vitamin E can reduce oxidative stress.
• Tetrahydrocurcumin and Astaxanthin: Natural compounds that activate SIRT1.
  • Sources include turmeric (curcumin) and krill oil (astaxanthin).

Supplements for NAD Boosting

• Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN): Known for boosting NAD, which can influence SIRT1.
• Thymoquinone: Found in black seed oil; effective for NAD boosting.
• PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone): Suggested dose of 20 mg; increases NAD and provides anti-inflammatory effects.

Melatonin and Ferulic Acid

• Melatonin: Known as a sleep aid, but also acts as an antioxidant at higher doses, affecting clock genes like BMAL1.
• Ferulic Acid: Recommended at 500 mg twice daily to enhance SIRT1 activity.

Other Compounds Influencing SIRT1

• N-acetylcysteine, Taurine, and Betaine: Increase hydrogen sulfide, an anti-inflammatory gas, to boost SIRT1.
• Resveratrol: Known for SIRT1 activation but has poor bioavailability.

Activation of AMPK

• Berberine and Dihydroberberine: Activate AMPK. Dihydroberberine is more efficient, requiring lower doses.
  • Typical dosing: 500 mg three times daily.
• AMPK Activation: Associated with caloric restriction and exercise, but long-term caloric restriction might not benefit humans.

Red Yeast Rice and Its Benefits

• Contains monoclonins like lovastatin, providing benefits similar to statins.
• Demonstrated effectiveness in reducing mortality and heart disease events in clinical trials.
• Easier to tolerate for some individuals compared to traditional statins.
  • Typical dose: 600 mg twice daily.

Conclusion

• For more detailed information, refer to the review paper titled Nutraceutical Activation of SIRT1.