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Nutrient Transport in Human Organ Systems
Oct 7, 2024
Transporting Nutrients in Human Organ Systems
Overview
Focus on two organ systems: Respiratory and Circulatory.
Respiratory System
Also known as the
Human Breathing System.
Responsible for:
Taking in
oxygen
Expelling
carbon dioxide
Parts of the Respiratory System
Nose and Mouth
: Entrance for oxygen.
Nasal Cavity
: Warms, humidifies, and cleans the air.
Pharynx
: Throat.
Larynx
: Voice box.
Trachea
: Windpipe; passageway for air.
Lungs
: Main organs; humans have a pair (right and left).
Bronchi
: Branching tubes connecting trachea to lungs.
Bronchioles
: Hair-like tubes leading to alveoli.
Alveoli
: Site for gas exchange.
Breathing Process
Inhalation
:
Oxygen enters the body.
Ribs move out, chest space increases.
Diaphragm contracts and moves down.
Exhalation
:
Carbon dioxide exits the body.
Ribs move in, chest space decreases.
Diaphragm relaxes and moves up.
Circulatory System
Also known as the
Cardiovascular System.
Functions to deliver nutrients and materials to cells.
Major Parts of the Circulatory System
Heart
: Pumps blood throughout the body; main organ.
Blood Vessels
: Carries blood; includes:
Arteries
: Carry blood away from the heart.
Veins
: Carry blood towards the heart.
Capillaries
: Smallest vessels; site for gas and nutrient exchange.
Blood
: Carries materials throughout the body.
Heart Structure
Heart size: About the size of a fist.
Four Chambers
:
Atria
(2): Receiving chambers (right and left).
Ventricles
(2): Pumping chambers (right and left).
Valves
: Prevent backward flow of blood (one-way doors).
Blood Flow Process
Oxygen-poor blood enters through
superior/inferior vena cava
.
Blood is received by
right atrium
, passes through
tricuspid valve
to
right ventricle
.
Blood exits to lungs via
pulmonary artery
to get oxygen.
Oxygen-rich blood returns via
pulmonary vein
to
left atrium
.
Blood passes through
bicuspid valve
to
left ventricle
.
Exits to body through
aorta
.
Interaction of Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
Oxygen enters lungs, then moves to the heart and into the bloodstream.
Heart pumps blood, transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells.
Cells use oxygen to process nutrients, producing carbon dioxide as a waste.
Blood carries carbon dioxide back to the right heart for exhalation.
Types of Circulation
Pulmonary Circulation
: Blood movement from heart to lungs and back.
Coronary Circulation
: Blood movement through the tissues of the heart.
Systemic Circulation
: Blood movement from heart to the rest of the body, excluding lungs.
Conclusion
Importance of both systems in nutrient transport and waste removal.
Encouragement to ask questions and engage in learning.
📄
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