Hi, friends! Pipo: Yesterday we already discussed the digestion of food from the mouth, right? After the [food enters the] mouth, our food is going to the esophagus The esophagus is a tube-like channel 20 cm long that is connected between the oral cavity and the stomach In the esophagus, peristalsis occurs Which is the squeezing motion carried out by the esophagus to make the food be pushed into the stomach Bol:That means the next destination is the stomach, right, Pipo? Pipo: That's right, Bol The stomach is the most elastic part of the human digestive organ The stomach is shaped like a bag and is located in the upper left abdominal cavity In the stomach, food undergoes digestion mechanically and chemically Mechanical digestion is carried out by the stomach wall or muscles that squeeze and stir food Chemical digestion is carried out by gastric juices produced by the gastric glands Gastric juices contains 3 enzymes: pepsin, renin, hydrochloric acid (HCl) Pepsin's function is to break down proteins into peptons Renin's function is to precipitate milk protein into casein Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is to acidify food and kill germs that comes with the food Bol: After this, our food goes to toilet, huh? Hehe Pipo: Ah... not yet, Bol The food is digested in the small intestine first The small intestine is the longest intestine in the digestive tract because the length reaches 6 to 7 meters In the small intestine there is a special fluid that helps improve food digestion Oh yeah, small intestine consists of 3 parts, namely: the duodenum (12-finger intestine), jejunum (empty intestine) and ileum (absorption intestine)
[the other terms in the bracket are rarely used in English] Bol: What are their functions? 12-finger intestine or also called duodenum has a length of approximately 25 cm The duodenum digests food with the help of pancreas and bile latex Pancreatic acid is produced by the pancreas gland Pancreatic acid contains the following enzymes: Amylase converts starch (amilum) into sugar or glucose Trypsin converts pepton into amino acids Lipase converts fat into fatty acids (glycerol) Meanwhile, bile is produced by the liver and gallbladder Bile is for digesting fat Next, the jejunum is located between the duodenum and ileum Jejunum has a length of about 2.5 m and serves to digest food from the duodenum Finally, the ileum is the place for absorbing food juices On the entire surface of the wall, there are ends of blood vessels that absorb food juices, then the juice is circulated through the bloodstream to all parts of the body Bol: So the food we eat goes back into our body, huh? Pipo: Yes, Bol! After that, the remaining digested food continues into the large intestine The large intestine's function is to absorb fluids, vitamins and minerals from the remnants of food that has been absorbed by the small intestine In the large intestine, there are bacteria that are useful for the body called E. coli (Escherichia coli) which serves to help the process of spoilage of food scraps The process of spoilage of food scraps will produce feces or feces which are then taken out through the anus Bol: Oh, I see What about heartburn? What caused it, Pipo? Pipo: The last organ called the rectum is the tip of the estuary of the large intestine which functions as a temporary storage area for feces When the rectum is filled with feces, the nerve will send a response to the brain that causes a feeling of defecation The anus is the hole under the buttocks as the place where the feces comes out of the body Bol: So that's how the digestion process in our body Pipo: Yeah, Bol! Bol: As delicious as the food I ate, it will be thrown out again at the end Pipo: Remember that there are also juices that spread the food into energy for our bodies though Bol: That's true Oh yeah, Pipo Speaking of digestion, have you ever had a stomachache? Pipo: Of course, Bol! Bol: Why does our stomach hurt? We'll discuss it together in our next video, okay, Bol?