Lecture on Project Management Concepts

Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEFs)

• Definition: Conditions (internal or external) not under the control of the project team.
  • Influence, constrain, or direct projects at various levels (organizational, portfolio, program, project).
• Examples:
  • External: Weather, market conditions, government laws.
  • Internal: Company culture (hard to change quickly).

Organizational Process Assets (OPAs)

• Definition: Internal plans, processes, policies, procedures, and knowledge bases owned by the organization.
  • Can be changed by the organization.

Techniques for Gathering Requirements

• Document Analysis: Reviewing current documentation to identify project requirements.
• Focus Groups: Elicitation technique with pre-qualified stakeholders and experts to learn about expectations.
  • Focus on decision-making.
• Facilitation: Involves cross-functional people for idea generation.
• Questionnaires and Surveys: Written questions to capture information quickly from many respondents.
• Benchmarking: Comparing current practices to best practices from other organizations.
• Interviews: Direct communication to gather information from stakeholders.
• Observations: Gaining knowledge by watching tasks being performed to identify needs.
• Facilitated Workshops: Organized sessions led by facilitators to agree on project requirements.
• Context Diagrams: Visual representation of product scope showing interactions with systems and people.
• Storyboarding: Using visuals to illustrate processes or project outcomes.
• Prototyping: Creating a working model to obtain early feedback on requirements.

Requirements Management

• Requirements Management Plan: Describes how requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed.
• Requirements Traceability Matrix: Links requirements to deliverables.

Project Scope

• Project Scope Statement: Detailed description of project deliverables, assumptions, and constraints.
• Product Analysis: Defining scope by questioning the product to ensure all aspects are covered.

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

• Definition: Hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work.
• Code of Accounts: Numbering system identifying each WBS component.
• WBS Dictionary: Provides detailed information about each WBS component.
• Control Account: Management control point integrating scope, budget, cost, and schedule for performance measurement.