Key Techniques in Motivational Interviewing

Sep 30, 2024

Motivational Interviewing: Methodology Overview

Four Processes of Motivational Interviewing

  1. Engaging

    • Establish a helpful connection and working relationship.
    • Create a therapeutic relationship.
  2. Focusing

    • Develop a focused agenda and clarify the direction of behavior change.
    • Collaboration between both parties' perspectives.
  3. Evoking

    • Elicit the client's own motivation for change by having them voice arguments for change.
    • Evoke self-belief and self-efficacy.
  4. Planning

    • Formulate a specific plan of action and commitment to change.

Engagement Factors

  • Desires or Goals: Understand motivations and importance to client.
  • Positivity: Build positive views and realistic expectations with hope.
  • Ambivalence: Engage ambivalence to elicit change.
  • Collaborative Style: Guiding style between directing and following, emphasizing teamwork and listening.

Evoking Change

  • Underlying Premise: Clients have necessary elements within them for change.
  • Change Talk: Encourage clients to articulate reasons for change.
  • D.A.R.N. Framework
    • Desire: Wanting change.
    • Ability: Capability to change.
    • Reasons: Justifications for change.
    • Need: Importance of change.
  • Techniques: Use open-ended questions to evoke change talk.

Mobilizing Change Talk: C.A.T.S Framework

  • Commitment: Client expresses intent to act.
  • Activation: Movement toward change, not full commitment.
  • Taking Steps: Client takes action towards change.

Responding to Change Talk: O.A.R.S Framework

  • Open-ended Questions: Elicit more information and examples.
  • Affirmations: Positive reinforcement.
  • Reflections: Encourage clients to reflect on change talk.
  • Summaries: Summarize change talk content and encourage further discussion.

Handling Sustained Talk

  • Sustained Talk: Resistance to change due to ambivalence.
  • Reflection Techniques:
    • Simple Reflection: Reflecting back content and feelings.
    • Amplified Reflection: Intensifying sustained talk to encourage reconsideration.
    • Double-sided Reflection: Reflect back both sides of ambivalence.

Conclusion

  • Emphasize engagement, create and respond to change talk.
  • Techniques to minimize sustained talk and enhance change talk.

These notes summarize the key elements of the lecture on motivational interviewing, focusing on methodology and practical strategies to facilitate behavior change effectively. The frameworks and techniques outlined provide a structure for both recognizing and eliciting change talk, while also addressing resistance to change.