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Understanding the OSI Model Layers
Nov 1, 2024
OSI Model Overview
Introduction
OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection.
Conceptual framework for how applications communicate over a network.
Comprises seven layers to help users identify processes within a networking system.
OSI Model Layers
Layers are described from top to bottom:
Application Layer (Layer 7)
:
Interface for end-users.
Provides network services like HTTP for web browsers.
Other examples: Office Outlook, Skype.
Presentation Layer (Layer 6)
:
Manages syntax processing and data format conversion.
Responsible for encryption and decryption.
Session Layer (Layer 5)
:
Handles the management of connections between devices.
Supports authentication and reconnection after interruptions.
Transport Layer (Layer 4)
:
Transmission of data across network connections.
Coordinates data flow, speed, and direction using protocols like TCP and UDP.
Network Layer (Layer 3)
:
Routes data and handles logical to physical address mapping.
Uses IP and ARP.
Data Link Layer (Layer 2)
:
Often divided into MAC and LLC sublayers.
Manages physical addressing methods and error checking.
Physical Layer (Layer 1)
:
Deals with electrical and physical aspects of the network.
Includes cables, connectors, and wireless frequencies.
Practical Application
OSI model aids developers and vendors in creating compatible communication products and software.
Understanding the model assists in troubleshooting and identifying compatible protocols and devices.
Summary
The OSI model is essential for understanding network communications and developing interoperable technology solutions.
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