Lecture on Cytoskeleton

Introduction

• Many cell diagrams omit the cytoskeleton.
• The cytoskeleton acts like a skeleton for the cell, providing structure and support.

Functions of the Cytoskeleton

• Support: Provides structural support to the cell, similar to a human skeleton.
• Transport: Forms tracks (or highways) for movement of vesicles and other cellular components.
• Cell Division: Plays a crucial role in pulling chromosomes apart during mitosis.
• Movement: Assists in the movement of some cells through structures like cilia.

Components of the Cytoskeleton

1. Microfilaments

   • Fine, thread-like protein fibers.
   • Composed primarily of actin.
   • Create surface tracks for vesicle transport.
   • Can hold organelles in place.

2. Intermediate Filaments

   • Medium length fibers.
   • Help maintain the cell's shape (e.g., red blood cells' donut shape).

3. Microtubules

   • Largest type of filament.
   • Act as cellular roads for protein movement.
   • Assist in chromosome separation during mitosis.
   • Contribute to cell movement via flagella or cilia.

Conclusion

• The cytoskeleton is crucial for several fundamental cellular processes.
• For further learning, additional resources such as playlists on cell organelles are available.
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