[Music] oh hello kids and welcome to my show today let's talk about plants plants are very similar to humans and just like humans have different body parts doing different things similarly plants do have different parts for different functions interesting isn't it let me tell you what the important parts of a plant are leaves Bud flour stem fruit and roots let's take a closer look at the buds that protect the baby flower or the baby Leaf from the harmful elements of nature this is a flower it is the most beautiful part of a plant it's usually colorful and attracts bees and other insects these are the leaves the leaf is one of the most important parts of a plant it has a green pigment called chlorophyll which absorbs the sunlight and makes food [Music] foreign [Music] this is a fruit a fruit is a part of a plant that contains excess food and Seed all fruits might not be sweet and edible but is still a fruit and sometimes they also help the plant to disperse their seed this is a stem a stem acts like a pillar of a plant it holds the plant upright and carries water food and minerals to the parts of the plant from The Roots the Roots help to absorb water and minerals from the soil and also acts as an anchor [Music] when the winds are too harsh the root makes sure that the plant stays firm in the soil and doesn't get carried away time did you know 90 of the food that humans eat come from 30 species of plants but the Earth has more than 18 000 species of edible plants [Music] so kids why don't you rush to your garden and see the parts of the plant yourself tune in next time for more fun facts this is me zooming out I feel plants are the nicest beings on this planet they never harm anyone rather they get eaten all the time oops I guess some eat too and that's why I am here today to tell you about plants that eat meat come with me zoom in plants that capture praise such as insects spiders mites and eat meat for their survival are known as insectivorous or carnivorous plants most of the carnivorous plants live in wet foggy areas where the soil doesn't have much nutrients they derived their nutrients from their praise and whatever little nutrients available to them through soil three have a strong digestive system which helps break down complex food items the different types of carnivorous plants are Pitfall traps popularly known as pitcher plants they are pitcher plants because they look like picture-shaped vessels filled with fluid the insect is lured by the syrupy fluid and just when they come to drink it they get drowned some pitcher plants have a lid on them to trap their preys light paper traps some fly paper traps have leaves covered with a sticky substance on which the prey gets caught these plants also digest their praise through their leaves other kind of fly paper traps use tentacle-like stalks covered with glands to trap and digest insects their stocks have digestive soup on them to absorb the nutrients snap traps Venus flytrap is the most popular snap trap here the plant has mouth-like leaves that literally snap shut when an insect or spider lands on it there are some snap traps that are found underwater and they are known as water wheel plants they do the same thing but underwater bladder traps plants of this kind work in the most interesting way where there are sacs on the plant known as bladders that create vacuum and suck the insect to digest it later Lobster Pot straps the plant first lose its insects with its sweet smelling nectar once the insect is trapped inside it sees light shining through the leaves which looks like exits to escape the insect travels towards the light which is nothing but another trap this is the plant's way of actually misdirecting the insect to the inside of the pitcher where it is caught and eaten by the digestive liquids trim your time some picture plants are so large they can catch and consume rats and frogs some carnivorous plants reflect ultraviolet light to attract their preys hey don't go there wait I'll help you see let go [Applause] [Music] so this is me zooming out tune in next time for more fun facts foreign hey there it's a lovely sunny day today so I came down for a sun bath don't look at me like that didn't your teachers tell you that sunlight is a good source of vitamin D hey don't forget that wheat trees and plants make a food from sunlight yes you're right Mr tree isn't the process called photosynthesis yeah yeah come friends let's learn about photosynthesis today photosynthesis doesn't that sound like a big word well don't be bogged down by it I'll tell you what it means photo is a Greek word for light and synthesis is a Greek word for putting together now it's simple photosynthesis is using light to put things together plants use this process to make their food with the help of sunlight water and carbon dioxide did you know that plants breathe just like us you didn't well now you do plants have tiny openings called the stomata present in their leaves through which they take in carbon dioxide yes the breathing carbon dioxide and give out oxygen they also use water and other nutrients to make food which is absorbed by their roots [Music] the leaves contain tiny pigments called the chloroplasts these pigments take in carbon dioxide water and sunlight and turn them into sugar and oxygen the sugar is then used by the plants as their food and the oxygen is given out into the atmosphere this process as a whole is called photosynthesis am I right Mr tree yes you are trivia time chlorophyll is a green pigment that is found in the chloroplast of the plant it makes the plant look green plants are often known as lands of the world as they take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen which the humans breathe it's time for some more sun bath so this is me zooming out tune in next time for some more fun facts [Music] oh who's that hey you're disturbing the air around us oh sorry I know I'm farting a lot today oops oops guess you took in a lot of carbon dioxide for lunch yesterday oh you could be did you just hear them friends oh no not their fault and that reminds me that I need to tell you about the process of excretion in plants come with me zoom in just like humans plants to feel the need to remove all sorts of waste material from their bodies however plants have a much simpler process of excretion hey did you know that plants sweat well yes just like humans have sweat glands plants have small openings under their leaves called stomata that release water and oxygen just how the pose of your body release sweat but their waste material is a lot more useful than us plants also release waste by accumulating it in the vacuoles of Aging Leaf cells the leaves then fall off eventually removing the waste material this process is known as abscission don't you sometimes have dry skin that eventually falls off yep kinda same have you noticed leaves changing their color in autumn this happens mostly because of the waste pigments that start getting stored inside the leaves see the sticky fluid well this is another kind of waste produced by the plants which is often oozed out from the bark of trees apart from the sticky fluid there are other waste products like resins gums and latex but hey you got to be careful because sometimes these products can be poisonous but most of the other times they are quite useful for example latex is used to produce gloves and clothing trip your time the bark of a willow tree produces a chemical that helps in the making of aspirin a medicine for pain and fever oak leaves turn brown due to the waste material in them so friends plant more and more trees because they are the reason why you can breathe well that didn't rhyme you've got to stay tuned till next time this is me zooming out foreign it's surprising to see you gardening today but I feel that the change in this flower's habitat might not work when it comes to its adaptation yes little kitty hey friends I'm sure you must have heard the term adaptation before and wondered what does it mean and how does it help living organisms to survive and thrive so in today's episode let us explore this essential surviving topic and answer an interesting academic question what is plant adaptation zoom in foreign so what is adaptation in plants as you must have seen whenever you travel to a different city or country you find it extremely difficult to adjust to it for a while due to changing climate food all water But as time progresses your body begins to adapt to the new environment that helps you to feel better and settle down so this process of Change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment is called adaptation in other words adaptations often develop in response to a change in the organism's habitat and the same is the case with the plants let me explain [Music] you probably are familiar with the plants in your environment they are everywhere over the land on top of the mountains and underwater but you know that those plants are specially designed to live there yes a tree that lives in the desert probably wouldn't last in the rainforest and a Tall Tree can't survive in grasslands the reason plants are able to survive in their environment is because of its adaptations a plant adaptation is a unique feature a plant has that allows it to live and grow in its habitat or place that it lives and once you move these trees from their natural habitat they will often find it hard to survive and eventually die so now as you know what plant adaptation means let us briefly look at how these trees have managed to adapt and evolve according to their habitats starting with plant adaptation in deserts as we know the desert has scarcity of water with dry land thus the plants like the thorny Cactus and Joshua Tree have small or no leaves and many spines that help them conserve water these tiny leaves have a thick wax coat that serves to retain water for a long time while the leafless plants like Cactus store water in their green stem also the roots of these desert plants are near the soil surface that help to soak up water before it evaporates in the sky the growth is slow as the plants do not have to make much food next comes the plant adaptations in the tropical rainforest the tropical rainforest has a unique environment due to its hot climatic conditions and heavy rain which can cause problems such as promoting the growth of bacteria and fungi which could be harmful to plants so the plants here have drip tips and waxy coverings on leaves to shed the extra water not only that but the plants also have prop roots that help support them in the shallow soil and due to the Abundant growth of plants some plants grow on top of one another to reach the sunlight the types of plants we can find in the tropical rainforest like bromeliads and lyanna's let us move further towards the temperate forest which is blessed with trees from small to tall that Witnesses four distinct seasons and have a harsh cold season so most Big Trees here have thick barks to shed them against the chilly Winters also they are broad leaves that capture a lot of sunlight but these leaves can weigh down the trees in Winter thus deciduous trees drop their leaves to minimize the water loss in autumn now that's really smart some examples of the kind of trees found here are wild flowers Oak Ash Maple Etc now let us learn about plant adaptation in water you see things are a bit different in plants that grow into the water we all have seen the leaves are green in color but in water plants the leaves are greener on the upper side whereas red in lower portions as the top part is exposed to chlorophyll also these plants do not have stems as they do not require water to be absorbed some examples of these beautiful plants are water lily and Lotus [Music] so in conclusion adaptation is not an easy process and takes time to develop also there are possibilities that the change in these adaptations may prove either favorable or unfavorable and might be a matter of life and death for these plants hence it is necessary to have a piece of proper knowledge about the existence before planting them so that they could survive for thousands and thousands of years trip your time did you know the roots of the Mesquite have been measured up to a length of 50 to 80 meters and is considered to be the longest among desert plants another fun fact for you is that the grasslands are also known as prairies and have deep roots that help them to survive fairy fires [Music] hope you learned something new in today's episode until next time it's me Dr by Knox zooming out [Music] foreign [Music] oh no little kitty don't show it away let it do its job it's only trying to help the blunt pollinate [Music] well that's an interesting question hey friends I'm sure you must have heard the term pollination in school many times but have you ever wondered how exactly it works well in today's episode let us explore the reproductive world of plants and answer and Evergreen question what is pollination zoom in so what is pollination it is the process through which flaws reproduce meaning they give birth to fruits and crops but the vital question is how does it happen to know that first we need to learn about the reproductive parts of the flowers and what are they well the flock consists of both male and female reproductive parts the main reproductive part of the Vlog is called a stamen it is made up of anther and filament the anther has a sack-like structure that contains pollen grains which are the yellow powdery tiny particles that play a crucial role in reproduction and below the anther is a long stem-like part called the filament on the other hand the female reproductive part of a flower is called pistil consisting of stigma and ovaries the stigma has a glue-like substance whereas the style is a thin stem like structure that connects the stigma to the ovary a cyclic structure that contains eggs which reside in ovules now that we have learned about a plant's reproductive parts let us know about the process of pollination pollination is a process through which pollen grains are picked from an anther and transferred to the flower stigma this process can occur in two ways self-pollination and cross-pollination so let us look at them in detail self-pollination occurs when the pollen from the anther is deposited on the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant through wind and water whereas cross-pollination occurs between different plants in which pollen grains are transferred from anther of one flower or plant to the stigma of another through agents like insects birds wind Etc known as pollinators for example when a bee sits on a floor for sipping nectar the pollen gets stuck on its body and when it flies to the next floor for Monica the pollen from the Beast body gets deposited on the female reproductive part and when that happens the pollen gets slipped into the ovary and enters the ovule where seeds are formed through a method called fertilization this animal or insect-based cross-pollination process is known as zufili and just like that it can happen in two more ways first is anemophily where the pollens are transferred by winds and the second process is anthropophily where plants are artificially pollinated by humans using cotton swab trivia time did you know more than 70 percent of plant species depend on insects birds bats and other animals to transport the pollen foreign [Music] of 1500 crop plant species in the world depend on pollination by bees and other insects hope you learned something new in today's episode until next time it's me Dr binox zooming out hmm never mind foreign [Music] don't say that because seeds are the reason we get fruits and vegetables and their creation is no lesser than a Wonder hey friends in today's episode let us learn about the formation of seeds and answer a life-growing question what is fertilization zoom in plants they are nature's best gift to us as they provide food clothes and even shelter because of which they are known as universal or primary producers and as we know just like other living things long travel life too and just like us they tend to respire develop excrete and also reproduce yes my dear friends launched majorly reproduce through three main steps which are pollination fertilization and lastly germination fertilization can be defined as a process of sexual reproduction in plants in which the male gametes of Woolen merge with the female gametes or ovum to form a diploid zygote or the eggs that later develop into seeds but the vital question is how well it all starts with flowers which are the reproductive organs of plants yes as we know during the pollination process the pollen gets transferred to the female reproductive organs and slips inside the ovary after which the pollen tube opens into the ovule and bursts into the embryo sac here the male nucleus unites with the egg's nucleus inside the ovule where a zygote is formed and how does this happen for that let us look inside the Poland first pollen grains are yellow powdery substances that consist of two layers the outermost layer is called exyne which is generally thick but there are certain areas where it gets thin known as jumbos while the thin inner layer is called in time which contains two cells the smaller one is called a generative cell which divides to form two male gametes and the larger one is called a tube cell which gives rise to a pollen tube next comes the embryo sac also known as the ovary which has three cells called antipodles attached to the Chalisa the sack also contains two nuclei in the middle known as the polar nuclei at the bottom are three cells above the micropile which is a small opening out of these three cells the bigger one in the middle is the egg and the two smaller ones on either side are called the cyanogenes now that we know the parts let us see how these things work together to give birth to a seed so once the pollen grains are dropped on the stigma the pollen tube emerges from the jumbo and joins the micropile of the embryo sac forming a route to the male gametes to enter the egg the generative cell divides into two male gametes in the pollen tube and travels all the way down to the microbial where one of the gamuts joins the egg and forms a diploid zygote whereas the other gamut joins the two polar nuclei to form a triploid endosperm nucleus which will transform into a nutritive tissue and provide nourishment to the developing embryo this process is called double fertilization every flowering plant undergoes a double fertilization process at least once after which the ovary transforms into fruit and that is why we find seeds inside the fruit [Music] Tree on time did you know the process of fertilization was first discovered by Ralph B strasberger in 1884 also if You observe a seed you will often see the microphile as a small pore on it hope you learned something new in today's episode until next time it's me Dr binox zooming out [Music] ah never mind [Music] ah now let the magic of germination do its Wonder it's germination Kitty hey friends I know just like little kitty you are all curious to know about this Nature's Way of gardening and learning how the plants grow so in today's episode let us answer an evergreen question what is seed germination zoom in everything in the universe begins with something even the universe itself is believed to be born out of a cosmic egg and just like that the life of a plant starts from a seed a seed has three major parts a seed coat which is the outer layer that protects the plants while they grow and develop in the mud and inside the seed there is the baby plant called an embryo and the rest of it it's Scotty legends that contain food for the baby blonde but remember my friends having a seed isn't enough for planting a tree you need to have a proper condition for it what do I mean by that well first of all we need to check the level of moisture and temperature the right amount of sunlight and the quality of the soil it's also necessary to understand that plants can't grow in any given condition as they are adapted to a specific environment for example a tree that lives in the desert probably wouldn't last in the rainforest and a Tall Tree can't survive in grasslands due to the process called adaptation so always choose your seed wisely to know more about the adaptation process you can check our video on adaptation in Plants the link is in the description below and once we are happy with the surrounding environment we are ready to sow the seed inside the ground and this is where the magical and fundamental process of German Nation starts by which different plant species grow from a single seed into a plant let us see in detail how first the seeds consume water rapidly from the soil resulting in swelling and softening of the seed court at a suitable temperature in the process called an inhibition but water isn't enough to make the baby embryo grow it also needs food and fortunately the food is already present in the cotyledons that activates the enzymes and the baby plant gets its nourishment after some time the seed coat ruptures and we see a tiny root emerging out of it later the root grows and pushes down deeper into the soil in search of more water and nutrients to feed the baby plant and takes hold of the soil that will help the plant from falling over due to external forces and in the last stage of seed germination the seed cells become metabolically active elongate as the coat splits from the opposite end to give rise to the seedling finally we see the growing plant Rising through the seed coat and emerging above the ground searching for sunlight when this happens the cotyledon has finished its job and because their job is done they fall off the plant and become part of the soil once the cotyledon is gone the plant's tiny leaves take over the task of supplying food to the new plant with the help of photosynthesis and this whole process of a single seed growing into a plant is called germination dream your time did you know a Russian team discovered some seeds of Silent stenophila a flowering plant native to Siberia that has been buried by an Ice Age squirrel yes the radiocarbon dating confirmed that the seeds were 32 000 years old hope you learned something new in today's episode until next time it's me Dr binox zooming out foreign [Music]