PreIB Subatomic Particles - 2024-2025

Overview

• The lecture focuses on the fundamental concepts of subatomic particles.
• Key points include the charge, mass, and location of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Subatomic Particles

Definition

• Subatomic particles are the smaller constituents of an atom, which include protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Location and Charges

• Protons and Neutrons:
  • Found within the nucleus of an atom.
  • Protons have a positive charge (+).
  • Neutrons have no charge (neutral).
• Electrons:
  • Located outside the nucleus.
  • Have a negative charge (-).

Neutrality of Atoms

• Atoms are neutral overall because the number of protons (positive charge) equals the number of electrons (negative charge), balancing out the charges.

Representation of Atoms

• Atoms are typically represented with symbols where X stands for the element's symbol.

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