Chemical Reactions and Equations Overview

Aug 1, 2024

Mindmap

Chemical Reactions and Equations

Introduction

  • Leaving fruit or vegetables at room temperature for a long time causes them to rot.
  • This involves chemical reactions that produce unpleasant odors.

Importance of Chemical Reactions

  • Medicine working in diseases and oxidation in the body.
  • Digestion of food and burning of fuel.
  • Photosynthesis in plants.
  • Rusting of iron.

Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations

  • Chemical Reaction: A process in which one substance transforms into another.
  • Chemical Equation: Symbolic representation of a chemical reaction.
  • Example: Magnesium + Oxygen тЖТ Magnesium Oxide.

Characteristics of Chemical Change

  • Change in state: From gas to solid.
  • Change in color: The color of iron in rusting.
  • Evolution of gas: Burning of fuel.
  • Change in temperature: Cooking an egg.

Benefits of Chemical Equations

  • Short names, easy to write, easy to balance.

Balancing Chemical Equations

  • Magnesium + Oxygen тЖТ Magnesium Oxide.
  • Balancing the atoms of each element.

Types of Chemical Reactions

Combination Reaction

  • Two or more reactants combine to form one product.
  • Example: H2 + O2 тЖТ H2O.

Decomposition Reaction

  • A compound breaks down into two or more substances.
  • Example: 2H2O тЖТ 2H2 + O2.

Displacement Reaction

  • One element displaces another element from a compound.
  • Example: Zn + H2SO4 тЖТ ZnSO4 + H2.

Double Displacement Reaction

  • Exchange of ions between two compounds.
  • Example: Na2SO4 + BaCl2 тЖТ BaSO4 + 2NaCl.

Neutralization Reaction

  • An acid and base react to form salt and water.
  • Example: HCl + NaOH тЖТ NaCl + H2O.

Special Types of Reactions

Oxidation and Reduction (Redox Reactions)

  • Oxidation: Gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen.
  • Reduction: Loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen.
  • Example: Fe + O2 тЖТ Fe2O3 (oxidation) and CuO + H2 тЖТ Cu + H2O (reduction).

Rusting of Iron

  • Iron reacting with oxygen and water.
  • Prevention: Applying a coat of paint.

Rancidification

  • The spoilage of oily food.
  • Prevention: Airtight containers.

Conclusion

  • Importance and types of chemical reactions and equations.
  • Balancing equations and special types of reactions.