EMT Lessons for EMT School and National Registry

Introduction

The video covers three main EMT lessons crucial for EMT school and National Registry.
These topics often trip up students but will be explained in detail.

SVC and IVC
- SVC: Superior Vena Cava (above)
- IVC: Inferior Vena Cava (below)
- Vena refers to vein, directing deoxygenated blood towards the heart.
Heart as a Pump
- Functions to pump blood for oxygen delivery via blood vessels.
- Lungs supply oxygen; must partner with the heart.
Blood Flow Path
- Blood returns to right atria from SVC and IVC, then to right ventricle through tricuspid valve.
- Right ventricle sends blood to lungs via pulmonary artery (away from heart).
- Oxygenated blood returns to left atria via pulmonary vein, then to left ventricle through mitral valve.
- Left ventricle pumps blood to the body through the aorta.

Cardiogenic Shock
- Heart's fault (e.g., MI, CHF)
- Heart attack or MI stops proper perfusion.
Obstructive Shock
- Stopping of blood flow (e.g., tension pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism)
- External pressure affects heart function.
Distributive Shock
- Subtypes: sepsis, anaphylaxis, neurogenic
- Abnormal vasodilation, unable to compensate like other shocks.
Hypovolemic Shock
- Blood or fluid loss
- Classic shock from bleeding or severe dehydration.

Sympathetic (Fight or Flight)
- Involves epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion.
- Effects: dilated pupils, increased heart rate, relaxed lungs, inhibited digestion.
Parasympathetic (Rest and Digest)
- Opposite effects: constricted pupils, decreased heart rate, activated digestion.
Analogies
- Sympathetic: like a man on cocaine (alert, dilated pupils)
- Parasympathetic: like a man on heroin (relaxed, constricted pupils)

The video aims to prepare EMT students for school and National Registry exams by clarifying these core topics.
Additional resources available through video vault for extended learning.
Encouragement to engage with the course materials to better understand and teach others.